CURATIVE EFFECTS OF GUM ARABIC AND BOSWELLIA SPECIES ON ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS

Acute renal failure (ARF) was induced by glycerol or paracetamol in experimental rats to evaluate the curative effects of gum Arabic and Boswellia sp. through different blood biochemical assays and hematological analyses. Results revealed presence of significant (P<0.05) increases in the levels of urea, creatinine, potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-) and blood acidity (H+), and significant (P<0.05) decreases in the levels of calcium (Ca+2) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the rats treated only with glycerol or paracetamol in the positive control groups compared to the negative control group. These results indicated that glycerol or paracetamol caused ARF in these groups of rats whereas the blood analyses illustrated ARF symptoms such as increasing of urea and creatinine, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, blood acidosis and anemia occurring in the positive control groups.  The blood analyses also illustrated recovery of these symptoms in the treated rats with gum Arabic and Boswellia sp. in drinking water (10% w/v) for 30 days. This indicated the curative effects of gum Arabic and Boswellia sp. against ARF induced by glycerol or paracetamol as evidenced by restoring the kidney function tests such as urea, creatinine, blood electrolytes and other parameters like serum glucose, proteins and hematological indices to their normal values during the experiment period. The therapeutic effects of both plants against ARF may be due to their antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activity

A novel mathematical model for the effects of wall properties on pumping flow of a biofluid in a symmetrical three-dimensional curved duct

Most pumping actions entail a physical volume change of the duct, which is frequently achieved by having a compliant wall or membrane. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first report on a mathematical model developed to analyze the peristaltic transport of a Newtonian fluid in a curved duct with rectangular face and compliant walls. Such geometries are most commonly used in clinical and biological equipment, where the walls of the duct need to be flexible. Flexible ducts are more useful than rigid ones because they do not require any extra modifications or accessories. Here, we have used the conditions of lubrication theory to construct an accurate model, and a common perturbation technique was incorporated to handle the Navier-Stokes equations with emphasis on various aspect ratios and curvatures. A system of curvilinear coordinates operating according to the principles of the cylindrical system was employed to represent the mathematical problem. No-slip boundary limitations were considered at the walls along with the extra constraint of compliant walls showing damping force and stiffness. Comprehensive graphical representations were made to illustrate the effects of all emerging factors of the study in both two- and three-dimensional formats. We found that large curvatures and flexure rigidity decreased the fluid velocity uniformly, but the aspect ratio and amplitude parameters could promote fluid velocity. Validation of the results was performed through the generation of a residual error curve. The current readings were taken again with a straight duct to make a comparison with the existing literature

Dystocia in Friesian cows and its effects on postpartum reproductive performance and milk production

A total of 1,243 records for 585 dairy Friesian cows from 1997–2004 were used to study the factors affecting dystocia and its effects on reproductive performance and milk production. The overall incidence of dystocia was 6.9%. The percentage of dystocia decreased with increasing live body weight, age, and parity of cows (P < 0.05); however, it increased with increasing birth weight of calves (P < 0.05). The highest percentage of dystocia was detected in winter season, but the least percentage was in summer season (P < 0.05). The percentage of incidence of dystocia was significantly (P < 0.05) higher with winter feeding compared to summer ration (8.2% vs. 5.1%). The percentage of incidence of dystocia was significantly (P < 0.05) higher with twinning than single calving (15.5% vs. 6.5%), while not significantly affected by the sex of born calves. Incidence of dystocia had adverse effects on reproductive performance and milk yield. The service interval, service period, days open, and calving interval were significantly (P < 0.05) longer in cows afflicted with dystocia compared to normal cows. The conception rate was lower (P < 0.05), but the number of service per conception was higher (P < 0.05) in cows afflicted with dystocia compared to normal cows (60.5% vs. 73.0% and 3.4 vs. 2.7, respectively). Average daily milk yield was lower (P < 0.05) by 1 kg for cows with incidence of dystocia compared to normal cows

Dynamics of Stochastic Zika Virus with Treatment Class in Human Population via Spectral Method

The Zika virus model (ZIKV) is mathematically modeled to create the perfect control strategies. The main characteristics of the model without control strategies, in particular reproduction number, are specified. Based on the basic reproduction number, if R00, then ZIKV satisfies the disease-free equilibrium. If R0>1, then ZIKV satisfies the endemic equilibrium. We use the maximum principle from Pontryagin’s. This describes the critical conditions for optimal control of ZIKV. Notwithstanding, due to the prevention and treatment of mosquito populations without spraying, people infected with the disease have decreased dramatically. Be that as it may, there has been no critical decline in mosquitoes contaminated with the disease. The usage of preventive treatments and insecticide procedures to mitigate the spread of the proposed virus showed a more noticeable centrality in the decrease in contaminated people and mosquitoes. The application of preventive measures including treatment and insecticides has emerged as the most ideal way to reduce the spread of ZIKV. Best of all, to decrease the spread of ZIKV is to use avoidance, treatment and bug spraying simultaneously as control methods. Moreover, for the numerical solution of such stochastic models, we apply the spectral technique. The stochastic or random phenomenons are more realistic and make the model more informative with the additive information. Throughout this paper, the additive term is assumed as additive white noise. The Legendre polynomials and applications are implemented to transform the proposed system into a nonlinear algebraic system

Dynamics of Stochastic Zika Virus with Treatment Class in Human Population via Spectral Method

The Zika virus model (ZIKV) is mathematically modeled to create the perfect control strategies. The main characteristics of the model without control strategies, in particular reproduction number, are specified. Based on the basic reproduction number, if R0&lt;0, then ZIKV satisfies the disease-free equilibrium. If R0&gt;1, then ZIKV satisfies the endemic equilibrium. We use the maximum principle from Pontryagin&rsquo;s. This describes the critical conditions for optimal control of ZIKV. Notwithstanding, due to the prevention and treatment of mosquito populations without spraying, people infected with the disease have decreased dramatically. Be that as it may, there has been no critical decline in mosquitoes contaminated with the disease. The usage of preventive treatments and insecticide procedures to mitigate the spread of the proposed virus showed a more noticeable centrality in the decrease in contaminated people and mosquitoes. The application of preventive measures including treatment and insecticides has emerged as the most ideal way to reduce the spread of ZIKV. Best of all, to decrease the spread of ZIKV is to use avoidance, treatment and bug spraying simultaneously as control methods. Moreover, for the numerical solution of such stochastic models, we apply the spectral technique. The stochastic or random phenomenons are more realistic and make the model more informative with the additive information. Throughout this paper, the additive term is assumed as additive white noise. The Legendre polynomials and applications are implemented to transform the proposed system into a nonlinear algebraic system