CLOVE OR GREEN TEA ADMINISTRATION ANTAGONIZES KHAT HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS

Objective: Khat consumption has become a common problem that affects the health aspects of life in Yemen and other parts in the world. The liver has been suspected to be particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of khat use and until now khat hepatotoxicity effects are still controversial. This study was conducted to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of aqueous extracts of clove and green tea, as medicinal herbs with established antioxidant properties, against controversial hepatotoxicity effects of khat in rats. Methods: Rats received a daily oral dose of khat extract alone or in combination with green tea or clove extract for six weeks. To study the effects on liver cells, histopathology, routine liver function tests, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes were investigated. Results: Khat administration showed marked liver injury; congestion in the portal vein with fibrous tissue proliferation, extended from the portal area and forming intralobular Porto-portal bridging fibrous septae. Besides significant routine liver function tests alterations, lipid peroxides elevation, and TAC reduction with significant inhibition of SOD and CAT activities. Conclusion: Combined administration of khat with clove or green tea protected hepatocytes via oxidative stress inhibition. They significantly counteracted the alterations in liver function tests, decreased lipid peroxidation and restored the antioxidant status to near normal levels. These results confirm khat hepatotoxicity and suggest that clove or green tea administration has strong hepatoprotective effects against khat induced hepatotoxicity in rats via antioxidant mediated mechanism.Â

Modelling of Highway Runoff Quantity and Quality

The stormwater Management Model (SWMM) is a well-known stormwater runoff-simulation model. It is a deterministic, spatially distributed model for calculation of runoff quantity and quality. The aim of this study was to predict highway runoff characteristics using data from different highway catchments. The SWMM was used in the simulation process and the predicted data was verified using monitoring data collected from Prague-Plzeň highway for both total suspended solids and organic compounds. The analyzed data indicated that the simulated TSS, BOD5 concentrations lie within the range of the measured data and both data sets are considered highly polluted with respect to the specification limits. The analyzed data also show that the first flush of runoff is the most polluted, and is responsible for contamination of retention and/or received waters

Influencia de distintas fuentes de sílice en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de materiales derivados del yeso

Gypsum plaster/silica composites prepared by dry blending (0.2-10 %) natural sand, silica fume or silica gel and subsequently hydrated. Their physical and mechanical properties, including normal consistency, setting time, apparent porosity, bulk density and compressive strength, were determined after hydration for 7- and 28-days. The results indicated that adding different forms of silica lowered the bulk density and increased the normal consistency, setting time, apparent porosity and, to some limited extent, compressive strength of the composites. This improvement in properties can be attributed to the existence of silica in the interstitial pores in the hardened plaster matrices. While most of the composites revealed only scant rises in compressive strength, their composition was beneficial in so far as it included either a readily available low-cost constituent (sand) or industrial by-products. Consequently, the formed plaster-silica composites are of economic value, contribute to a cleaner environment by minimizing waste and can be used for applications where high porosity, lightweight units are required or recommended for low-cost buildings.Se prepararon pastas compuestas de yeso y sílice mediante la mezcla en seco de yeso con distintas proporciones (0,2- 10 %) de arena natural, o gel o humo de sílice, procediéndose a continuación a su hidratación. A fin de determinar las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de las pastas, a los 7 y los 28 días de hidratación se hallaron su fluidez, tiempo de fraguado, porosidad aparente, densidad aparente y resistencia a la compresión. Los resultados obtenidos indican que al incorporar las distintas modalidades de sílice a la mezcla, disminuyó la densidad aparente y aumentaron la fluidez, el tiempo de fraguado, la porosidad aparente y, en menor medida, la resistencia a la compresión de las muestras. Se considera que esta mejora de las propiedades del material se debe a la presencia de sílice en los poros intersticiales de las matrices endurecidas de yeso. Aunque la resistencia a la compresión de la mayoría de las pastas ensayadas apenas aumentó, estas se beneficiaron de la presencia en su composición de elementos de bajo coste como la arena o los distintos subproductos industriales utilizados. Puede concluirse, por lo tanto, que los compuestos de yeso y sílice tienen valor económico y contribuyen a mejorar el medioambiente al valorizar residuos. Por otra parte, son apropiados para las aplicaciones en las que se necesitan o recomiendan elementos de alta porosidad y bajo peso, concretamente en las edificaciones bajas

Simulation: Early Detection of Brain Vessels Stroke by Applying Electromagnetic Waves Non-Invasively

Introduction: Early recognition of stroke with its two types Ischemic and Hemorrhagic, is one of the most crucial research points, commonly used methods are CT- (computerized tomography), and MRI- (Magnetic resonance imaging). These techniques cause a delay in the detection of the condition, which causes permanent disability. The main reason behind the fatal consequences of stroke is the delay of detection. Therefore, this research paper aims to early detection of the type of stroke without delay until the appropriate diagnosis of each type is made, and then the appropriate treatment without delay. Method: Using a non-invasive and fast technique to determine the stroke type by wave, we simulate and design a vessel containing a liquid as a laminar flow with the same density and velocity of blood, and it was surrounded by a Homogenized multi-turn coil consisting of (n) turns to represent the magnetic field, using specific frequency (HZ) with Electrical field in coil current (A) to see the changing in magnetic flux density (MFD), Depending on the changes in MFD, the flow of blood in laminar flow can be affected by clotting (Ischemic) or Hemorrhagic (cutting) in our vessel designed. We have built three different scenarios to apply the technique which are: First: Normal Scenario (where the blood in vessel has no problem), second: clotting (ischemic, where the vessel blocked in specific three position) and Third: Cutting (Hemorrhagic, where the vessel cut in certain nine positions). Results: This paper presents-through our own design-the studying of applying the electromagnetic waves on blood inside the vessel to detect the stroke type in our three scenarios (normal, ischemic three positions or hemorrhagic nine positions), Studying the magnetic field and laminar flow. This study covered in three areas. First: coil geometry analysis, Second: stationary, and Third: frequency domain. through the changes in Magnetic Flux Density -MFD- waves. The results were promising and distinct for distinguishing between the three scenarios which are normal, ischemic (3 positions) and hemorrhagic (9 positions) the results of MFD are: 0.09 to 3.3*10^-3, 0.08 to 3.15*10^-4, 0.15 to 6.2*10^-3 respectively

pH Assist for Highly selective determination of Xipamide by the enhancement of the green emission of Tb3+ optical sensor

The highly selective, accurate method for determination of Xipamide was maintained. The method depends on the enhancement of the green emission band of Tb3+ at 545 nm in the presence of different concentration of  Xipamide at pH 4.1 and λex = 320 nm in acetonitrile. The photophysical properties of the green  emissive Tb3+  complex have been elucidated, the terbium was used as optical sensor for the assessment of  Xipamide in the pharmaceutical tablets and body fluids with a concentration range 5.0 ×10−9 – 2.3 ×10−6 mol L−1 of xipamide, correlation coefficient of 0.995 and  detection limit of 8.5 ×10−10 mol L−1

Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic studies of adsorption of cationic dyes from aqueous solution using ZIF-8

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) is one type of (MOFs) that has been synthesized and characterized and detailed analysis of Crystal violet (CV) and Malachite Green (MG) adsorption behaviour. Impact of different variables on batch method as a function of solution pH, concentration of CV and MG, dose of ZIF-8, Contact time and temperature were analyzed and optimal test conditions were determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure surface alterations of the ZIF-8. The surface area and volume of the pores were found to be 495.199 m2g–1 and 0.026 cm3g−1, respectively as determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) test. ZIF-8 point of zero charging (pHPZC) was calculated and was found 7.9. Adsorption data were modeled on isotherms for adsorption of Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich and Temkin. Equilibrium data from the adsorption processes showed that the Langmuir is fitted with CV and MG adsorption. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, kinetic models Weber and Morris and Elovich were used to analyze the kinetic data obtained at different initial dye concentrations. The kinetics of adsorption showed that the action in adsorption adopted the processes of pseudo-second - order kinetic model and chemisorption. The thermodynamic parameter such as ∆G, ∆S and ∆H has been determined. Study of thermodynamics for adsorption indicated the reaction was endothermal and spontaneous

Adverse effects of energy drink on rat pancreas and the therapeutic role of each of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Nigella Sativa oil

Background: Energy drinks have been observed to threaten public health leading to many medical problems. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have broad prospects in tissue regeneration. Nigella Sativa (NS) possess great therapeutic properties for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Materials and methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided into: control group and treated group. The treated group was further subdivided into: energy drink subgroup 2a, BMSCs-injected subgroup 2b, NS-injected subgroup 2c. Histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical assessment was performed. Results: Administration of energy drink revealed that it adversely affected the pancreatic cytoarchitecture. BMSCs and NS have been similarly observed to significantly ameliorate the histological, biochemical and immunohistochemical changes induced by energy drink. Conclusions: The extent of pancreatic regeneration, exerted by each of BMSCs and NS oil, is nearly similar but the effect of BMSCs is more superior; however, NS could be privileged to BMSCs as a line of treatment being easily accessible and of lower cost

Recurrent spontaneous third-trimester uterine rupture after hysteroscopic resection of myoma: a case report

Uterine rupture is a catastrophic obstetrical emergency with serious effects on both women and fetuses. Operative hysteroscopic procedures can add more risk factor for occurrence of this tragedy. Here, we report a case of spontaneous recurrent rupture uterus at 33 weeks of gestation in a 32 years old woman with previous history of hysteroscopic resection of submucous myoma after development of acute abdomen. Uterine repair of fundal rupture was performed through emergency exploratory laparotomy. Surgeons should explain to their patients the hazards of probable risk of recurrent and multiple uterine rupture in the future pregnancy and to document this discussion in the medical records before proceeding to operative hysteroscopic procedures