Studies of Complexation of Transition Metal Ions With Benazepril Drug in Aqueous Media: Thermodynamic Aspect

Stability constant of Benazepril hydrochloride drug with transition metal ions Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+ using a pH metric titration technique in 20%(v/v) ethanol-water mixture at three different temperatures 300K, 310K & 320K at an ionic strength of 0.1M NaClO4 were studied. The Calvin-Bjerrum method as adopted by Irving-Rossotti has been employed to determine metal-ligand stability, constant logK values. The trend in the formation constants for transition metal ions follows the order: Fe3+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+> Co2+ > Zn2+ > Ni2+. The thermodynamic parameters, such as Gibb’s free energy change (ΔG), entropy change (ΔS), and enthalpy change (ΔH) associated with the complexation reactions, were calculated

Crowdsourcing/Winter Operations Dashboard Upgrade

INDOT has recently completed the deployment of Parsons telematics-based dash-cameras, automatic vehicle locator (AVL) positions, and spreader rate monitoring across their winter operations fleet. The motivation of this study was to develop dashboards that integrate connected vehicle data into the real-time monitoring and after-action review of winter storms. Each month approximately 13 billion connected vehicle records are ingested for the state of Indiana and almost 99 billion weather data records are ingested nationwide in 15-minute intervals. This study developed techniques to utilize this connected vehicle data and weather data to monitor real-time mobility of interstates and post storm after-action assessments to identify improvement opportunities of winter operations activities. In multiple instances, these agile reviews have influenced operational changes in snow removal and maintenance around the state, leading to a marked improvement in observed mobility and safety

Effect of EGR on a sationary VCR diesel engine using cottonseed biodiesel (B20) fuel

This paper presents a view on comparative study of use of diesel fuel with B20 biodieselblend (Diesel (80 %, by vol.) and Cotton seed oil (20 %, by vol.)) derived from Cotton seeds. As higher NOx emission and higher brake specific fuel consumption are main challenges for effective utilization of biodiesel fuel in a diesel engine, there is alarming need to find out the long term solution to reduce NOx emission for better utilization of biodiesel fuel in a diesel engine. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is one of the useful technologies to reduce the NOx emission of a diesel engine. In the present research work test is conducted on 3 KW single cylinder, four stroke, water cooled, variable compression ratio (VCR) computerized diesel engine using diesel and B20 cotton seed biodiesel blend to study the effect of exhaust gas recirculation on performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine in terms of fuel consumption, thermal efficiency and emissions such as hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) of a diesel engine. The constant engine speed of 1500 rpm was maintained through-out the experiment test. The exhaust gas recirculation was varied as 4 % and 6 % at different loading conditions with diesel and B20 biodiesel. The results show that the significant reduction in oxides of nitrogen (NOx) with 4 % and 6 % EGR for B20 whereas marginal increment in CO and HC emissions

Wastewater irrigation in Maharashtra: an exploration

Wastewater irrigaon is not new in Maharashtra and the Government of Maharashtra as well as farmers are beginning to recognize its value as a drought response. This Highlight presents a synthesis of eld exploraons in 11 locaons in Maharashtra which cover the extent of wastewater irrigaon; economics of wastewater and freshwater use; farmers' preferences and percepons about wastewater; and how they are adapng to its use in agriculture

Methodology for Monitoring Work Zones Traffic Operations Using Connected Vehicle Data

The National Work Zone Safety Information Clearinghouse estimated there were approximately 115,000 work zone crashes with 842 fatalities in 2019. There is broad consensus that it is important for agencies to develop near real-time risk assessment of work zone traffic operations to proactively identify improvement opportunities. Due to the huge spatial distribution and relatively low frequency of crashes, legacy techniques of monitoring crash locations do not scale well for identifying all but the most severe construction zone operational problems. Past research identified hard braking and congestion as strong predictors for crashes in and around work zones. This paper presents scalable methodologies that can be used to systematically analyze hard-braking and speed data obtained from connected vehicles. These techniques have been applied to over 205 billion records in Indiana since 2019. These statewide data analytics are fused into concise graphics to identify work zones with emerging anomalies in congestion and/or hard braking. Weekly screening reports, institutionalized in Indiana for the past two years, provide information for agile agency monitoring and response. Case studies show quantitative changes in work zone performance measures, and corresponding surveillance video images illustrate the significance of these changes. During this period of near real-time monitoring and agile agency response, Indiana interstate crash rates have been reduced by 31% from 2019 to 2021, even though most 2021 interstate traffic volumes have rebounded to pre-pandemic 2019 volumes

Methodology for Monitoring Work Zones Traffic Operations Using Connected Vehicle Data

The National Work Zone Safety Information Clearinghouse estimated there were approximately 115,000 work zone crashes with 842 fatalities in 2019. There is broad consensus that it is important for agencies to develop near real-time risk assessment of work zone traffic operations to proactively identify improvement opportunities. Due to the huge spatial distribution and relatively low frequency of crashes, legacy techniques of monitoring crash locations do not scale well for identifying all but the most severe construction zone operational problems. Past research identified hard braking and congestion as strong predictors for crashes in and around work zones. This paper presents scalable methodologies that can be used to systematically analyze hard-braking and speed data obtained from connected vehicles. These techniques have been applied to over 205 billion records in Indiana since 2019. These statewide data analytics are fused into concise graphics to identify work zones with emerging anomalies in congestion and/or hard braking. Weekly screening reports, institutionalized in Indiana for the past two years, provide information for agile agency monitoring and response. Case studies show quantitative changes in work zone performance measures, and corresponding surveillance video images illustrate the significance of these changes. During this period of near real-time monitoring and agile agency response, Indiana interstate crash rates have been reduced by 31% from 2019 to 2021, even though most 2021 interstate traffic volumes have rebounded to pre-pandemic 2019 volumes

Main memory organization trade-offs with DRAM and STT-MRAM options based on gem5-NVMain simulation frameworks

Current main memory organizations in embedded and mobile application systems are DRAM dominated. The ever-increasing gap between today's processor and memory speeds makes the DRAM subsystem design a major aspect of computer system design. However, the limitations to DRAM scaling and other challenges like refresh provide undesired trade-offs between performance, energy and area to be made by architecture designers. Several emerging NVM options are being explored to at least partly remedy this but today it is very hard to assess the viability of these proposals because the simulations are not fully based on realistic assumptions on the NVM memory technologies and on the system architecture level. In this paper, we propose to use realistic, calibrated STT-MRAM models and a well calibrated cross-layer simulation and exploration framework, named SEAT, to better consider technologies aspects and architecture constraints. We will focus on general purpose/mobile SoC multi-core architectures. We will highlight results for a number of relevant benchmarks, representatives of numerous applications based on actual system architecture. The most energy efficient STT-MRAM based main memory proposal provides an average energy consumption reduction of 27% at the cost of 2x the area and the least energy efficient STT-MRAM based main memory proposal provides an average energy consumption reduction of 8% at the around the same area or lesser when compared to DRAM.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de EspañaIMECDepto. de Arquitectura de Computadores y AutomáticaFac. de InformáticaTRUEpu