1,072 research outputs found
Redshift drift in axially symmetric quasi-spherical Szekeres models
Models of inhomogeneous universes constructed with exact solutions of
Einstein's General Relativity have been proposed in the literature with the aim
of reproducing the cosmological data without any need for a dark energy
component. Besides large scale inhomogeneity models spherically symmetric
around the observer, Swiss-cheese models have also been studied. Among them,
Swiss-cheeses where the inhomogeneous patches are modeled by different
particular Szekeres solutions have been used for reproducing the apparent
dimming of the type Ia supernovae (SNIa). However, the problem of fitting such
models to the SNIa data is completely degenerate and we need other constraints
to fully characterize them. One of the tests which is known to be able to
discriminate between different cosmological models is the redshift-drift. This
drift has already been calculated by different authors for
Lema\^itre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) models. We compute it here for one particular
axially symmetric quasi-spherical Szekeres (QSS) Swiss-cheese which has
previously been shown to reproduce to a good accuracy the SNIa data, and we
compare the results to the drift in the CDM model and in some LTB
models that can be found in the literature. We show that it is a good
discriminator between them. Then, we discuss our model's remaining degrees of
freedom and propose a recipe to fully constrain them.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, minor changes in title, text, figures and
references; conclusions unchanged, this version matches the published versio
Triple-deck and direct numerical simulation analyses high-speed subsonic flows past a roughness element
Exactly solvable model of wormhole supported by phantom energy
We have found a simple exact solution of spherically-symmetrical Einstein
equations describing a wormhole for an inhomogeneous distribution of the
phantom energy. The equation of state is linear but highly anisotropic: while
the radial pressure is negative, the transversal one is positive. At infinity
the spacetime is not asymptotically flat and possesses on each side of the
bridge a regular cosmological Killing horizon with an infinite area,
impenetrable for any particles. This horizon does not arise if the wormhole
region is glued to the Schwarzschild region. In doing so, the wormhole can
enclose an arbitrary amount of the phantom energy. The configuration under
discussion has a limit in which the phantom energy turns into the string dust,
the areal radius tends to the constant. In this limit, the strong gravitational
mass defect is realized in that the gravitational active mass is finite and
constant while the proper mass integrated over the total manifold is infinite.Comment: 6 pages. Two references added, typos corrected. Accepted for
publication in Phys. Rev. D as Rapid Communicatio
The Fermi-Pasta-Ulam recurrence and related phenomena for 1D shallow-water waves in a finite basin
In this work, different regimes of the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) recurrence are
simulated numerically for fully nonlinear "one-dimensional" potential water
waves in a finite-depth flume between two vertical walls. In such systems, the
FPU recurrence is closely related to the dynamics of coherent structures
approximately corresponding to solitons of the integrable Boussinesq system. A
simplest periodic solution of the Boussinesq model, describing a single soliton
between the walls, is presented in an analytical form in terms of the elliptic
Jacobi functions. In the numerical experiments, it is observed that depending
on a number of solitons in the flume and their parameters, the FPU recurrence
can occur in a simple or complicated manner, or be practically absent. For
comparison, the nonlinear dynamics of potential water waves over nonuniform
beds is simulated, with initial states taken in the form of several pairs of
colliding solitons. With a mild-slope bed profile, a typical phenomenon in the
course of evolution is appearance of relatively high (rogue) waves, while for
random, relatively short-correlated bed profiles it is either appearance of
tall waves, or formation of sharp crests at moderate-height waves.Comment: revtex4, 10 pages, 33 figure
Slow flows of an relativistic perfect fluid in a static gravitational field
Relativistic hydrodynamics of an isentropic fluid in a gravitational field is
considered as the particular example from the family of Lagrangian
hydrodynamic-type systems which possess an infinite set of integrals of motion
due to the symmetry of Lagrangian with respect to relabeling of fluid particle
labels. Flows with fixed topology of the vorticity are investigated in
quasi-static regime, when deviations of the space-time metric and the density
of fluid from the corresponding equilibrium configuration are negligibly small.
On the base of the variational principle for frozen-in vortex lines dynamics,
the equation of motion for a thin relativistic vortex filament is derived in
the local induction approximation.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, no figur
Nonlinear interfacial waves in a constant-vorticity planar flow over variable depth
Exact Lagrangian in compact form is derived for planar internal waves in a
two-fluid system with a relatively small density jump (the Boussinesq limit
taking place in real oceanic conditions), in the presence of a background shear
current of constant vorticity, and over arbitrary bottom profile. Long-wave
asymptotic approximations of higher orders are derived from the exact
Hamiltonian functional in a remarkably simple way, for two different
parametrizations of the interface shape.Comment: revtex, 4.5 pages, minor corrections, summary added, accepted to JETP
Letter
Current-sheet formation in incompressible electron magnetohydrodynamics
The nonlinear dynamics of axisymmetric, as well as helical, frozen-in vortex
structures is investigated by the Hamiltonian method in the framework of ideal
incompressible electron magnetohydrodynamics. For description of current-sheet
formation from a smooth initial magnetic field, local and nonlocal nonlinear
approximations are introduced and partially analyzed that are generalizations
of the previously known exactly solvable local model neglecting electron
inertia. Finally, estimations are made that predict finite-time singularity
formation for a class of hydrodynamic models intermediate between that local
model and the Eulerian hydrodynamics.Comment: REVTEX4, 5 pages, no figures. Introduction rewritten, new material
and references adde
Homogeneous Conformal String Backgrounds
We present exact solutions characterised by Bianchi-type I,II,III,V,VI
four-dimensional metric, space-independent dilaton, and vanishing torsion
background, for the low energy string effective action with zero central charge
deficit. We show that, in such a context, curvature singularities cannot be
avoided, except for the trivial case of flat spacetime and constant dilaton. We
also provide a further example of the failure of the standard prescription for
connecting conformal string backgrounds through duality transformations
associated to non-semisimple, non-Abelian isometry group.Comment: 20 pages, latex, no figures, to appear in Class. Q. Gra
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