Chaos synchronization in the multi-feedback Ikeda model

We investigate synchronization between two unidirectionally coupled chaotic multi-feedback Ikeda systems and find both the existence and stability conditions for anticipating, lag, and complete synchronizations.Generalization of the approach to a wide class of nonlinear systems is also presented.Comment: 5 pages. submitte

Type I interferons and MAVS signaling are necessary for tissue resident memory CD8+ T cell responses to RSV infection

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in young children and the elderly. Lack of vaccines and recurrence of RSV infection indicate the difficulty in eliciting protective memory immune responses. Tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) can confer protection from pathogen re-infection and, in human experimental RSV infection, the presence of lung CD8+ TRM cells correlates with a better outcome. However, the requirements for generating and maintaining lung TRM cells during RSV infection are not fully understood. Here, we use mouse models to assess the impact of innate immune response determinants in the generation and subsequent expansion of the TRM cell pool during RSV infection. We show that CD8+ TRM cells expand independently from systemic CD8+ T cells after RSV re-infection. Re-infected MAVS and MyD88/TRIF deficient mice, lacking key components involved in innate immune recognition of RSV and induction of type I interferons (IFN-α/β), display impaired expansion of CD8+ TRM cells and reduction in antigen specific production of granzyme B and IFN-γ. IFN-α treatment of MAVS deficient mice during primary RSV infection restored TRM cell expansion upon re-challenge but failed to recover TRM cell functionality. Our data reveal how innate immunity, including the axis controlling type I IFN induction, instructs and regulates CD8+ TRM cell responses to RSV infection, suggesting possible mechanisms for therapeutic intervention

Two-stage treatment of ametropia in patients with keratoconus and cataracts

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive degenerative corneal disease, leads to the aberration of biomechanical and optical properties and thinning of the cornea, causes astigmatism and decreases visual acuity.Materials and methods. 33 patients (35 eyes) with stages II–III of non-progressive keratoconus and concomitant cataracts of various stages of maturity were operated on. The average age of the patients was 46.5 ± 2.7 (41–63) years old. The operations were performed according to our proposed two-stage method of treating ametropia in patients with KC and cataracts (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2748634 of 28.05.2021). The first stage was the implantation of FERRARA intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) with thickness from 150 to 350 μm. To correct residual refractive error in 5–7 months after stage 1, patients underwent stage 2: cloudy lens was removed and replaced with toric posterior chamber intraocular lens (TIOL) – AcrySof IQ Toric (Alcon, USA), T-fl ex Toric RayOne (Rayner, UK).Results and discussion. After stage 1 of the operation (ICRS implantation), the uncorrected visual acuity (NCVA) was 0.2 ± 0.03, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.4 ± 0.02. In 1 month after stage 2 (phacoemulsifi cation + TIOL) NCVA was 0.64 ± 0.11 and BCVA was 0.74 ± 0.12. During the entire follow-up period after the surgery visual functions, refraction, and rotational stability of TIOL were stable.Conclusions. Conducting a two-stage surgical intervention in patients with keratoconus and cataracts allows to stop the progression of the disease and effectively correct the ametropia concomitant with keratoconus

Diagnostic algorithm of recurrence after organ-preserving surgical treatment of bladder cancer

High frequency of recurrence is the main problem of organ-preserving tactics in the treatment of bladder cancer. The article presents the results of sensitivity and specificity analysis of urine cytology, BTA-stat test, ultrasound (transabdominal, transrectal, transurethral) and instrumental methods (cystoscopy, photodynamic diagnostics, microcystoscopy) in the diagnosis of recurrence after organ-saving surgical treatment in patients who underwent organ-saving surgery about bladder cancer at the urological clinic of Kazan State Medical University. An algorithm based on the obtained data has been developed for the diagnosis of recurrent bladder cancerОсновной проблемой органосохраняющей тактики в лечении рака мочевого пузыря является высокая частота рецидивов. В статье представлены результаты анализа чувствительности и специфичности цитологии мочи, ВТА-stat теста, ультразвуковых (трансабдоминальное, трансректальное, трансуретральное) и инструментальных методов (цистоскопия, фотодинамическая диагностика, микроцистоскопия) в диагностике рецидивов после органосохраняющего хирургического лечения у пациентов, которым была выполнена органосохраняющая операция по поводу рака мочевого пузыря урологической клинике Казанского государственного медицинского университета. На основании полученных данных, разработан алгоритм диагностики рецидивов рака мочевого пузыря