Classification of Arbitrary Multipartite Entangled States under Local Unitary Equivalence

We propose a practical method for finding the canonical forms of arbitrary dimensional multipartite entangled states, either pure or mixed. By extending the technique developed in one of our recent works, the canonical forms for the mixed $N$-partite entangled states are constructed where they have inherited local unitary symmetries from their corresponding $N+1$ pure state counterparts. A systematic scheme to express the local symmetries of the canonical form is also presented, which provides a feasible way of verifying the local unitary equivalence for two multipartite entangled states.Comment: 22 pages; published in J. Phys. A: Math. Theo

Decreased sensitivity to aspirin is associated with altered polyamine metabolism in human prostate cancer cells

Acknowledgments We thank NHS Grampian for financial support of this work.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Spin squeezing in optical lattice clocks via lattice-based QND measurements

Quantum projection noise will soon limit the best achievable precision of optical atomic clocks based on lattice-confined neutral atoms. Squeezing the collective atomic pseudo-spin via measurement of the clock state populations during Ramsey interrogation suppresses the projection noise. We show here that the lattice laser field can be used to perform ideal quantum non-demolition measurements without clock shifts or decoherence and explore the feasibility of such an approach in theory with the lattice field confined in a ring-resonator. Detection of the motional sideband due to the atomic vibration in the lattice wells can yield signal sizes a hundredfold above the projection noise limit.Comment: Substantially expanded versio

A new fractional derivative without singular kernel: Application to the modelling of the steady heat flow

In this article we propose a new fractional derivative without singular kernel. We consider the potential application for modeling the steady heat-conduction problem. The analytical solution of the fractional-order heat flow is also obtained by means of the Laplace transform.Comment: 1 figur

Dark matter sterile neutrinos in stellar collapse: alteration of energy/lepton number transport and a mechanism for supernova explosion enhancement

We investigate matter-enhanced Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) active-sterile neutrino conversion in the $\nu_e \rightleftharpoons \nu_s$ channel in the collapse of the iron core of a pre-supernova star. For values of sterile neutrino rest mass $m_s$ and vacuum mixing angle $\theta$ (specifically, $0.5 {\rm keV} 5\times{10}^{-12}$) which include those required for viable sterile neutrino dark matter, our one-zone in-fall phase collapse calculations show a significant reduction in core lepton fraction. This would result in a smaller homologous core and therefore a smaller initial shock energy, disfavoring successful shock re-heating and the prospects for an explosion. However, these calculations also suggest that the MSW resonance energy can exhibit a minimum located between the center and surface of the core. In turn, this suggests a post-core-bounce mechanism to enhance neutrino transport and neutrino luminosities at the core surface and thereby augment shock re-heating: (1) scattering-induced or coherent MSW $\nu_e\to\nu_s$ conversion occurs deep in the core, at the first MSW resonance, where $\nu_e$ energies are large ($\sim 150$ MeV); (2) the high energy $\nu_s$ stream outward at near light speed; (3) they deposit their energy when they encounter the second MSW resonance $\nu_s\to\nu_e$ just below the proto-neutron star surface.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figure

Distribution of lipids in non-lamellar phases of their mixtures

We consider a model of lipids in which a head group, characterized by its volume, is attached to two flexible tails of equal length. The phase diagram of the anhydrous lipid is obtained within self-consistent field theory, and displays, as a function of lipid architecture, a progression of phases: body-centered cubic, hexagonal, gyroid, and lamellar. We then examine mixtures of an inverted hexagonal forming lipid and a lamellar forming lipid. As the volume fractions of the two lipids vary, we find that inverted hexagonal, gyroid, or lamellar phases are formed. We demonstrate that the non-lamellar forming lipid is found preferentially at locations which are difficult for the lipid tails to reach. Variations in the volume fraction of each type of lipid tail are on the order of one to ten per cent within regions dominated by the tails. We also show that the variation in volume fraction is correlated qualitatively with the variation in mean curvature of the head-tail interface.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures (better figures are available upon request), to appear in J. Chem. Phy