1,308 research outputs found
New Renormalization Group Equations and the Naturalness Problem
Looking for an observable manifestation of the so-called unnaturalness of
scalar fields we introduce a seemingly new set of differential equations for
connected Green functions. These equations describe the momentum dependence of
the Green functions and are close relatives to the previously known
renormalization group equations. Applying the new equations to the theory of
scalar field with interaction we identify a relation between the
four-point Green function and the propagator which expresses the unnaturalness
of the scalar field. Possible manifestations of the unnaturalness at low
momenta are briefly discussed.Comment: 12 revtex pages; a coefficient has been corrected in eq. (34), four
new references added; final version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Constraints on the excitations in the Strongly Coupled Standard Model
The Strongly Coupled Standard Model predicts a rich spectrum of excited
states at the Fermi scale. We study the first radial excitations of the vector
bosons. The inclusion of these new states affects the low energy phenomenology
of the model. We put constraints on the effective couplings by performing a
global fit with the electroweak observables, and we find that the excitations
have to be rather decoupled from the low-energy states.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figures, uses RevTeX
Off-Shell Scattering Amplitudes for WW Scattering and the Role of the Photon Pole
We derive analytic expressions for high energy off-shell scattering
amplitudes of weak vector bosons. They are obtained from six fermion final
states in processes of the type . As an application we reconsider the
unitarity bounds on the Higgs mass. Particular attention is given to the role
of the photon exchange which has not been considered in earlier investigations;
we find that the photon weakens the bound of the Higgs mass.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure
Boosting Higgs discovery - the forgotten channel
Searches for a heavy Standard Model Higgs boson focus on the 'gold plated
mode' where the Higgs decays to two leptonic Z bosons. This channel provides a
clean signature, in spite of the small leptonic branching ratios. We show that
using fat jets the semi-leptonic ZZ mode significantly increases the number of
signal events with a similar statistical significance as the leptonic mode.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
The unit of electric charge and the mass hierarchy of heavy particles
We propose some empirical formulae relating the masses of the heaviest
particles in the standard model (the W,Z,H bosons and the t quark) to the
charge of the positron and the Higgs condensate v. The relations for the
masses of gauge bosons m_W = (1+e)v/4 and m_Z=sqrt{(1+e^2)/2}*(v/2) are in
excellent agreement with experimental values. By requiring the electroweak
standard model to be free from quadratic divergencies at the one-loop level, we
find: m_t=v/sqrt{2} and m_H=v/sqrt{2e}, or the very simple ratio (m_t/m_H)^2=e.Comment: 6 page
Low-Energy Effective Theory, Unitarity, and Non-Decoupling Behavior in a Model with Heavy Higgs-Triplet Fields
We discuss the properties of a model incorporating both a scalar electroweak
Higgs doublet and an electroweak Higgs triplet. We construct the low-energy
effective theory for the light Higgs-doublet in the limit of small (but
nonzero) deviations in the rho parameter from one, a limit in which the triplet
states become heavy. For small deviations in the rho parameter from one,
perturbative unitarity of WW scattering breaks down at a scale inversely
proportional to the renormalized vacuum expectation value of the triplet field
(or, equivalently, inversely proportional to the square-root of the deviation
of the rho parameter from one). This result imposes an upper limit on the
mass-scale of the heavy triplet bosons in a perturbative theory; we show that
this upper bound is consistent with dimensional analysis in the low-energy
effective theory. Recent articles have shown that the triplet bosons do not
decouple, in the sense that deviations in the rho parameter from one do not
necessarily vanish at one-loop in the limit of large triplet mass. We clarify
that, despite the non-decoupling behavior of the Higgs-triplet, this model does
not violate the decoupling theorem since it incorporates a large dimensionful
coupling. Nonetheless, we show that if the triplet-Higgs boson masses are of
order the GUT scale, perturbative consistency of the theory requires the
(properly renormalized) Higgs-triplet vacuum expectation value to be so small
as to be irrelevant for electroweak phenomenology.Comment: Revtex, 11 pages, 7 eps figures included; references updated and
three footnotes adde
Non locality and causal evolution in QFT
Non locality appearing in QFT during the free evolution of localized field
states and in the Feynman propagator function is analyzed. It is shown to be
connected to the initial non local properties present at the level of quantum
states and then it does not imply a violation of Einstein's causality. Then it
is investigated a simple QFT system with interaction, consisting of a classical
source coupled linearly to a quantum scalar field, that is exactly solved. The
expression for the time evolution of the state describing the system is given.
The expectation value of any arbitrary ``good'' local observable, expressed as
a function of the field operator and its space and time derivatives, is
obtained explicitly at all order in the field-matter coupling constant. These
expectation values have a source dependent part that is shown to be always
causally retarded, while the non local contributions are source independent and
related to the non local properties of zero point vacuum fluctuations.Comment: Submitted to Journal of Physics B: 16 pages: 1 figur
Leading quantum gravitational corrections to QED
We consider the leading post-Newtonian and quantum corrections to the
non-relativistic scattering amplitude of charged spin-1/2 fermions in the
combined theory of general relativity and QED. The coupled Dirac-Einstein
system is treated as an effective field theory. This allows for a consistent
quantization of the gravitational field. The appropriate vertex rules are
extracted from the action, and the non-analytic contributions to the 1-loop
scattering matrix are calculated in the non-relativistic limit. The
non-analytical parts of the scattering amplitude are known to give the long
range, low energy, leading quantum corrections, are used to construct the
leading post-Newtonian and quantum corrections to the two-particle
non-relativistic scattering matrix potential for two massive fermions with
electric charge.Comment: 14 pages, 29 figures, format RevTex
Supersymmetric NLO QCD Corrections to Resonant Slepton Production and Signals at the Tevatron and the LHC
We compute the total cross section and the transverse momentum distribution
for single charged slepton and sneutrino production at hadronic colliders
including NLO supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric QCD corrections. The
supersymmetric QCD corrections can be substantial. We also resum the gluon
transverse momentum distribution and compare our results with two Monte Carlo
generators. We compute branching ratios of the supersymmetric decays of the
slepton and determine event rates for the like-sign dimuon final state at the
Tevatron and at the LHC.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, 8 figures, uses REVTex
What is the discrete gauge symmetry of the R-parity violating MSSM?
The lack of experimental evidence for supersymmetry motivates R-parity
violating realizations of the MSSM. Dropping R-parity, alternative symmetries
have to be imposed in order to stabilize the proton. We determine the possible
discrete R and non-R symmetries, which allow for renormalizable R-parity
violating terms in the superpotential and which, at the effective level, are
consistent with the constraints from nucleon decay. Assuming a gauge origin, we
require the symmetry to be discrete gauge anomaly-free, allowing also for
cancellation via the Green Schwarz mechanism. Furthermore, we demand lepton
number violating neutrino mass terms either at the renormalizable or
non-renormalizable level. In order to solve the mu problem, the discrete Z_N or
Z_N^R symmetries have to forbid any bilinear superpotential operator at tree
level. In the case of renormalizable baryon number violation the smallest
possible symmetry satisfying all conditions is a unique hexality Z_6^R. In the
case of renormalizable lepton number violation the smallest symmetries are two
hexalities, one Z_6 and one Z_6^R.Comment: 25 pages, version to appear in PR
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