Considering lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration in nasal-wash (NW) as a marker in evaluating the outcome of patients with bronchiolitis

Background: Estimation of bronchiolitis severity in infants is still an important issue and there are no standard methods to help physicians for better evaluation and management of clinical status of these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the role LDH concentration in NW as a biomarker in evaluation the outcome of patients suffering bronchiolitis in Bu Ali Hospital, Ardabil.Methods: 100 children with bronchiolitis aged below 2 years entered the study. Nasal wash sample was extracted from all patients using 2 ml of normal saline. Samples were sent to laboratory to measure LDH level. Data were analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS.16.Results: The mean age of patients was 6.9±3.7 months and 57% of them were male. 42% of patients had mild bronchiolitis and 58% of them suffered from severe bronchiolitis. The LDH level of nasal wash fluid was neither related with gender nor with age. But it was significantly lower in patients who required oxygen therapy and had fever compared with those who did not require oxygen therapy and without fever. Moreover, LDH level showed a significant negative association with hospital stay (r= -0.570, p<0.001) and bronchiolitis severity (r= -0.440, p<0.001) in a way that its concentration was significantly lower in patients with hospital stay longer than 24 hours compared with hospital stay shorter than 24 hours, and in patients with severe bronchiolitis compared with mild bronchiolitis.Conclusions: According to results of this study, LDH measurement in nasal wash fluid can be used as a biochemical marker to evaluate clinical outcomes of bronchiolitis in children younger than 24 months

Relationship between Maternal Serum Copper Level and Birth Weight Neonate

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background and Objectives:&lt;/em&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Low birth weight (LBW) is a major public health problem. LBW is associated with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. There is no consensus in the literature as to whether maternal copper nutrition is associated with pregnancy outcome or fetal growth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; This case-control study was carried out at Alavi Hospital in Ardabil between August 2008 and August 2009. 56 women who had delivered low-birth- weight infants (&amp;lt;2500gr) were taken as the case group, and from the mothers who had delivered normal birth weight infants (≥2500gr), 56 were selected at random as the control group. Venous blood samples were obtained from the mothers. Serum zinc level was determined by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer method.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;Mean of birth weight in infants, maternal age, body mass index in mothers and socioeconomic or demographic factors did not differ between cases and control groups. Maternal copper concentration (μg/dl) differed between Cases and Controls; 231.75±38.12μg/dl vs. 204.42±31.30μg/dl respectively. There is a significant difference (p&amp;lt;0.001) in the serum copper concentration between the two groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; There is a negative relation between low infant birth weight and maternal copper concentration.&lt;/p&gt

Infliximab in treatment of idiopathic refractory childhood pyoderma gangrenosum (PG)

Farhad Salehzadeh,1 Yusef Mohammadikebar,2 Afsaneh Enteshary,2 Omid Ghanbarpour,1 Mehrdad Mirzarahimi11Department of Pediatric, Bouali Children&rsquo;s Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (ARUMS), Ardabil, Iran; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (ARUMS), Ardabil, IranAbstract: We report a case of refractory idiopathic childhood pyoderma gangrenosum in a young boy who had suffered from this disease since 3 years of age. He had unfavorable responses and intermittent relapses under different combinations of cytotoxic and steroid therapies. Although there was not much information available about infliximab use for biologic and childhood pyoderma gangrenosum, eventually we decided to use infliximab in this patient. Infliximab showed a dramatic response and resulted in full recovery during 2 years&rsquo; follow-up.Keywords: pyoderma gangrenosum, infliximab, childhoo

Evaluation of Efficiency of 25% Oral Sucrose on Pain Reduction due to Hepatitis B Vaccination in Newborns: A Randomize Clinical Trial

Background and Objectives: The ability of neonates to perceive and react to pain has recently been acknowledged. Sweet solutions are one of the recommendations for pain relief in newborns. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oral sucrose for reducing the intensity of pain during HB vaccination in newborns.Methods: In this clinical trial and double blinded study 70 healthy neonates vaccinated with HB vaccine on the first day of birth were randomly divided into experimental (35) and control groups (35).The experimental group received 2ml 25% sucrose solution 2 minutes before the procedure and the control group received 2ml water for injection. Responses of pain were estimated by the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests, T and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Change in breathing pattern, facial expression, state of arousal and state of organs in infants occurred in both groups. Only one neonate in sucrose group had low score. The pain score in one neonate was 6 and other scores were 7. In the control (water group) group, scores of all neonates were 7. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: HB vaccination is a painful procedure and receiving 2ml sucrose before injection can not reduce indices of pain

Quality of life after vaginal and cesarean deliveries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: There are so many studies which evaluated the maternal quality of life based on their delivery type with different results. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of type of delivery on the maternal QOL systematically. Design/methodology/approach: In this systematic review, which was conducted for 15 years (2000-2016), the international databases including PubMed, Scopes and ISI and the Persian databases were searched using the following words: quality of life or health-related quality of life, vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery or cesarean section. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was adopted for this study. The quality of articles was assessed by a checklist that has been used in previous studies. All of the data analysis was performed using STATA ver.12. Findings: In total, 13 articles were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall sample included 8,136 women (3,990 cesareans vs 4,146 vaginal). The results of the random effect model for eight QOL dimensions based on SF-36 questionnaire showed that there was no significant difference between two groups in terms of QOL. But this model for four QOL dimensions of WHOQOL showed that the maternal in two groups had a significant difference in two dimensions of QOL (mental health and total health) and insignificant difference in other dimensions. Research limitations/implications: The results of the study may have been affected by the selection of few databases. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions in further databases. Practical implications: The study results could be helpful to design appropriate policies for maternal based on their type of delivery. Originality/value: This systematic review showed that despite the insignificant difference between women with vaginal delivery vs women with cesarean delivery in some aspects of QOL, it can be concluded that health status of women with vaginal delivery is better than women with cesarean delivery, so it should be considered in the setting of appropriate policies and implementation framework to encourage women for choosing the appropriate delivery type. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited

Quality of life after vaginal and cesarean deliveries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose: There are so many studies which evaluated the maternal quality of life based on their delivery type with different results. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of type of delivery on the maternal QOL systematically. Design/methodology/approach: In this systematic review, which was conducted for 15 years (2000-2016), the international databases including PubMed, Scopes and ISI and the Persian databases were searched using the following words: quality of life or health-related quality of life, vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery or cesarean section. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was adopted for this study. The quality of articles was assessed by a checklist that has been used in previous studies. All of the data analysis was performed using STATA ver.12. Findings: In total, 13 articles were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall sample included 8,136 women (3,990 cesareans vs 4,146 vaginal). The results of the random effect model for eight QOL dimensions based on SF-36 questionnaire showed that there was no significant difference between two groups in terms of QOL. But this model for four QOL dimensions of WHOQOL showed that the maternal in two groups had a significant difference in two dimensions of QOL (mental health and total health) and insignificant difference in other dimensions. Research limitations/implications: The results of the study may have been affected by the selection of few databases. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions in further databases. Practical implications: The study results could be helpful to design appropriate policies for maternal based on their type of delivery. Originality/value: This systematic review showed that despite the insignificant difference between women with vaginal delivery vs women with cesarean delivery in some aspects of QOL, it can be concluded that health status of women with vaginal delivery is better than women with cesarean delivery, so it should be considered in the setting of appropriate policies and implementation framework to encourage women for choosing the appropriate delivery type. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited