Study of Basilar Artery Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Angiography

Basilar artery variations were studied in fifty patients using Three Dimensional Time of Flight Magnetic Resonance Imaging Angiography.Two basilar arteries showed variations and others found to be normal. In one case,the basilar artery showed stenosis and another case showed bulbosity. With the literature analysis, it was concluded that Magnetic Resonance Imaging Angiography is the best tool to show the anastomotic variations of the arteries of the brain and the most powerful non-invasive method for a reliable judgement  for determining the degree of  stenosis or any other pathology of vertebral-basilar system  because it does not have the high morbidity associated with conventional intra-arterial angiography

SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF SOME 1, 2-BENZISOXAZOLE DERIVATIVES

Objective: A series of 1, 2-Benzisoxazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized by various analytical techniques like Melting point, Rf, FTIR, and NMR spectra.Methods: Structures of the compounds were elucidated and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by HRBC membrane stabilization method, antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by cup plate method.Results: The compounds 4a and 4e showed good anti-inflammatory activity compared with standard drug Diclofenac sodium and compounds 4b and 4d showed good antibacterial activity on compared with standard drug Gentamycin.Conclusion: These compounds may serve as future leads for anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drug discovery

Effect of thermal annealing on the structure and microstructure ofTiO2 thin films

Nanostructured TiO2 thin films have been prepared through chemical route using sol-gel and spin coating techniques. The deposited films were annealed in the temperature range 400–1000°C for 1 h. The structure and microstructure of the annealed films were characterized by GAXRD, micro-Raman spectroscopy and AFM. The as-deposited TiO2 thin films are found to be amorphous. Micro-Raman and GAXRD results confirm the presence of the anatase phase and absence of the rutile phase for films annealed up to 700°C. The diffraction pattern of the film annealed at 800 to 1000°C contains peaks of both anatase and rutile reflections. The intensity of all peaks in micro-Raman and GAXRD patterns increased and their width (FWHM) decreased with increasing annealing temperature, demonstrating the improvement in the crystallinity of the annealed films. Phase transformation at higher annealing temperature involves a competition among three events such as : grain growth of anatase phase, conversion of anatase to rutile and grain growth of rutile phase. AFM image of the as-deposited films and annealed films indicated exponential grain growth at higher temperature.Effect of thermal annealing on the structure and microstructure ofTiO2 thin films Haripriya Rath1*, S Anand2, M Mohapatra2, Priyadarshini Dash1, T Som3, U P Singh4 and N C Mishra1 1Department of Physics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar-751 004, Orissa, India 2Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 013, Orissa, India 3Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar-751 005, Orissa, India 4KIIT University, Bhubaneswar-751 024, Orissa, India E-mail : [email protected] of Physics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar-751 004, Orissa, India 2Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 013, Orissa, India 3Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar-751 005, Orissa, India 4KIIT University, Bhubaneswar-751 024, Orissa, India 1Department of Physics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar-751 004, Orissa, India 2Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 013, Orissa, India 3Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar-751 005, Orissa, India 4KIIT University, Bhubaneswar-751 024, Orissa, Indi

The Implementation of RSBY in Chhattisgarh, India: A study of the Durg district

The Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) scheme is a health insurance model currently being implemented by the Indian government. It is a model, however, still in nascent state, subject to tensions and value testing. Very few studies have hitherto assessed the scheme’s implementation and whether the stated objectives of the government initiative are being fulfilled. This short study undertaken in the Durg district of Chhattisgarh reveals that RSBY fails to cover the population living Below the Poverty Line (BPL). Likewise there is discrepancy in the consistency of information and knowledge regarding the scheme among the beneficiaries who are themselves continuing to incur high out-of-pocket expenses. There are thus severe issues in transparency and accountability within the RSBY scheme. Unless the public health delivery system is strengthened and the private sector regulated and indeed monitored, the scheme will not yield the desired results, and the cost of healthcare will further escalate for the poor. In the absence of regulated health services there needs to be more debate, and indeed greater research, on the implementation and the design of RSBY.

Evaluation of leguminous vegetables as intercrops in pruned fields of jasmine (Jasminum sambac Ait.)

Investigations on intercropping of leguminous vegetables in a pruned field of jasmine (Jasminum sambac) carried out in a farmer's field at Keezakundalapadi (Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu), indicated that intercropping pruned jasmine with double rows of vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) fetched the highest equivalent yield of jasmine (5,393 kg ha-I), land equivalent ratio (1.99), net returns (Rs. 1,44,113 ha-I) and benefit-cost ratio (3:1). &nbsp

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STEM BIOMASS AND VOLUME OF Pinus caribaea IN THE YAGIRALA FOREST RESERVE

The biomass is an important measurement in commercial forestry maintained to producepulp, paper, chips, fuel wood products etc. The estimation of the biomass of the tree is notan easy task and few studies were carried out so far.The present study was conducted in the 25 years old Pinus caribaea plantation in YagiralaForest Reserve, which is in the low country wet zone. According to the geographicaldifferences in the plantation, i.e., valley, slopes and ridge, stratified random sampling wascarried out and two 0.05 ha circular plots were established in each stratum. Altogether 6plots were used for the data collection.The diameter at breast height (dbh), total height were measured for all the trees in theseplots and after dividing the tree stem into several sections, the length and end and middiameters of each section was measured using the Spiegel relaskop.The volume of the stem was estimated by calculating section volumes. Smalian's andNewton's formula were used to estimate the section volumes except for the final section atthe top, which was assumed as a cone. In order to save time, one plot was measured forNewton's formula and the rest was measured for Smalian's formula. Then a relationshipwas build to estimate Newton's volume (Ne) using Smalian's volume (Sm) as theexplanatory variable (equation I). The R2value was 99.9%.Ne = 0.976 * Sm (1)Biomass of the tree was estimated by extracting core samples at the breast height and midheight of the tree. The density of the core samples were estimated using oven dry weightand the green volume of the core samples. When tested, there was no significant differenceof the density along the stem. Therefore stem biomass was estimated using the density atthe breast height, and the total stem volume. Also there was no significant densitydifferences between three sites.The regression analysis was used with the pooled data to find out the relationship betweenthe stem biomass (W) and the volume (V). Using variable of stem volume and the biomassand its tranformations developed the several models. The best model was selected bychecking the R2 value, standard residual distribution, modelling efficiency and bias. Thebest rclationshin for the hiOI1l;]SS :l1lrl YOIIl"lr ,,·:1< lhr rnll:l1;nn ') whir]' h·w 02 .... 1.. " n