Spiral Vein Reconstruction of the Infected Abdominal Aorta Using the Greater Saphenous Vein: Preliminary Results of the Tilburg Experience

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate patients, who underwent spiral vein reconstruction of the abdominal aorta to repair infected aneurysms or replace infected aortic grafts.MethodsAll spiral vein reconstructions between March 2005 and May 2010 because of vascular infections of the abdominal aorta were retrospectively included. Diagnosis was determined by clinical examination, laboratory results, computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scan, and microbiological tests. Spiral vein reconstruction consisted of harvesting the greater saphenous vein (GSV) and construction into a spiral graft, aortic reconstruction and a transmesenteric omentumplasty. Primary outcomes were survival and limb salvage. Secondary outcomes included technical, clinical and ongoing success, re-infection, ongoing infection and patency.ResultsAll five patients survived surgery, and there were no in-hospital deaths. Survival and limb salvage were 100% after median follow-up of 13 months (6–67 months). Further, technical, clinical and continuing success was 100%. There were no re-infections or ongoing infections.ConclusionsSpiral vein reconstruction using the GSV showed good short-term survival and limb salvage. It, therefore, might be considered as an attractive treatment method for vascular infections of the abdominal aorta. Still, more follow-up is needed to evaluate long-term results

Gender differences in health status and adverse outcomes among patients with peripheral arterial disease

Background Few studies have examined gender differences in health status and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). This study assessed (1) self‐reported health status at PAD diagnosis and 12‐months later, and explored (2) whether outcomes in women with PAD differ with regard to long‐term major adverse events.Methods and Results AA total of 816 patients (285 women) with PAD were enrolled from 2 vascular clinics in the Netherlands. Baseline clinical data and subsequent adverse events were recorded and patients completed the Short Form‐12 (SF‐12, Physical Component Score [PCS] and Mental Component Score [MCS]) upon PAD diagnosis and 12‐months later. Women had similar ages and clinical characteristics, but poorer socio‐economic status and more depressive symptoms at initial diagnosis, as compared with men. Women also had poorer physical (PCS: 37±10 versus 40±10, P=0.004) and mental (MCS: 47±12 versus 49±11, P=0.005) health status at the time of presentation. At 12‐months, women still reported a poorer overall PCS score (41±12 versus 46±11, P=0.006) and MCS score (42±14 versus 49±12, P=0.002). Female gender was an independent determinant of a poorer baseline and 12‐month PCS and MCS scores. However, there were no significant differences by gender on either mortality (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR]=0.93, 95% CI 0.60;1.44, P=0.74) or major adverse events (unadjusted HR=0.90, 95% CI 0.63;1.29, P=0.57), after a median follow‐up of 3.2 years.Conclusions Women's physical and mental health status is compromised both at initial PAD diagnosis and at 12‐month follow‐up, despite experiencing a similar magnitude of change in their health scores throughout the first 12‐months after diagnosis

Gender differences in health status and adverse outcomes among patients with peripheral arterial disease

Background Few studies have examined gender differences in health status and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). This study assessed (1) self‐reported health status at PAD diagnosis and 12‐months later, and explored (2) whether outcomes in women with PAD differ with regard to long‐term major adverse events. Methods and Results A A total of 816 patients (285 women) with PAD were enrolled from 2 vascular clinics in the Netherlands. Baseline clinical data and subsequent adverse events were recorded and patients completed the Short Form‐12 (SF‐12, Physical Component Score [PCS] and Mental Component Score [MCS]) upon PAD diagnosis and 12‐months later. Women had similar ages and clinical characteristics, but poorer socio‐economic status and more depressive symptoms at initial diagnosis, as compared with men. Women also had poorer physical (PCS: 37±10 versus 40±10, P=0.004) and mental (MCS: 47±12 versus 49±11, P=0.005) health status at the time of presentation. At 12‐months, women still reported a poorer overall PCS score (41±12 versus 46±11, P=0.006) and MCS score (42±14 versus 49±12, P=0.002). Female gender was an independent determinant of a poorer baseline and 12‐month PCS and MCS scores. However, there were no significant differences by gender on either mortality (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR]=0.93, 95% CI 0.60;1.44, P=0.74) or major adverse events (unadjusted HR=0.90, 95% CI 0.63;1.29, P=0.57), after a median follow‐up of 3.2 years. Conclusions Women's physical and mental health status is compromised both at initial PAD diagnosis and at 12‐month follow‐up, despite experiencing a similar magnitude of change in their health scores throughout the first 12‐months after diagnosis

Gender differences in health status and adverse outcomes among patients with peripheral arterial disease

Background Few studies have examined gender differences in health status and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). This study assessed (1) self‐reported health status at PAD diagnosis and 12‐months later, and explored (2) whether outcomes in women with PAD differ with regard to long‐term major adverse events.Methods and Results AA total of 816 patients (285 women) with PAD were enrolled from 2 vascular clinics in the Netherlands. Baseline clinical data and subsequent adverse events were recorded and patients completed the Short Form‐12 (SF‐12, Physical Component Score [PCS] and Mental Component Score [MCS]) upon PAD diagnosis and 12‐months later. Women had similar ages and clinical characteristics, but poorer socio‐economic status and more depressive symptoms at initial diagnosis, as compared with men. Women also had poorer physical (PCS: 37±10 versus 40±10, P=0.004) and mental (MCS: 47±12 versus 49±11, P=0.005) health status at the time of presentation. At 12‐months, women still reported a poorer overall PCS score (41±12 versus 46±11, P=0.006) and MCS score (42±14 versus 49±12, P=0.002). Female gender was an independent determinant of a poorer baseline and 12‐month PCS and MCS scores. However, there were no significant differences by gender on either mortality (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR]=0.93, 95% CI 0.60;1.44, P=0.74) or major adverse events (unadjusted HR=0.90, 95% CI 0.63;1.29, P=0.57), after a median follow‐up of 3.2 years.Conclusions Women's physical and mental health status is compromised both at initial PAD diagnosis and at 12‐month follow‐up, despite experiencing a similar magnitude of change in their health scores throughout the first 12‐months after diagnosis

Long-term prognostic risk in lower extremity peripheral arterial disease as a function of the number of peripheral arterial lesions

Background:  Although patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are known to have an increased risk of adverse prognosis, simple techniques to further risk-stratify PAD patients would be clinically useful. A plausible but unexplored factor to predict such risk would be greater disease burden, manifested as multiple lower extremity lesions. The aim of this study was to examine the association between having multiple versus isolated lower extremity PAD lesions and long-term prognosis. Methods and results:  A prospective cohort of 756 newly diagnosed PAD patients underwent duplex ultrasound testing to determine the number of lower extremity lesions. Cox regression models examined the independent association of lesion number (≥3 and 2 versus 1) and adverse prognosis (defined as a composite end point comprising first occurrence of either lower extremity amputation, admission for heart failure, nonfatal stroke, myocardial infarction, or unstable angina or mortality), adjusting for demographic and clinical risk factors. Analyses were replicated using an advanced Cox-based model for multiple events. A total of 173 patients (23%) had ≥3 lesions, 197 (26%) had 2 lesions, and 386 (51%) had 1 lesion. After a median follow-up of 3.2 years, patients with ≥3 lesions had an increased risk of experiencing a first adverse event (adjusted hazard ratio 1.60, 95% CI 1.08-2.38, P=0.020) and an increased risk of having multiple events (adjusted hazard ratio 1.53, 95% CI 1.08-2.18, P=0.018). Patients with 2 lesions had a prognosis similar to those with 1 lesion. Conclusions:  Among PAD patients, a greater number of lesions is associated with an increased risk of an adverse prognosis over 3 years of follow-up. Assessing the number of lower extremity lesions might serve as a simple risk-stratification tool at initial PAD diagnosis

Gender differences in health status and adverse outcomes among patients with peripheral arterial disease

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined gender differences in health status and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). This study assessed (1) self-reported health status at PAD diagnosis and 12-months later, and explored (2) whether outcomes in women with PAD differ with regard to long-term major adverse events. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 816 patients (285 women) with PAD were enrolled from 2 vascular clinics in the Netherlands. Baseline clinical data and subsequent adverse events were recorded and patients completed the Short Form-12 (SF-12, Physical Component Score [PCS] and Mental Component Score [MCS]) upon PAD diagnosis and 12-months later. Women had similar ages and clinical characteristics, but poorer socio-economic status and more depressive symptoms at initial diagnosis, as compared with men. Women also had poorer physical (PCS: 37±10 versus 40±10, P=0.004) and mental ( MCS: 47±12 versus 49±11, P=0.005) health status at the time of presentation. At 12-months, women still reported a poorer overall PCS score (41±12 versus 46±11, P=0.006) and MCS score (42±14 versus 49±12, P=0.002). Female gender was an independent determinant of a poorer baseline and 12-month PCS and MCS scores. However, there were no significant differences by gender on either mortality (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR]=0.93, 95% CI 0.60;1.44, P=0.74) or major adverse events (unadjusted HR=0.90, 95% CI 0.63;1.29, P=0.57), after a median follow-up of 3.2 years. CONCLUSIONS: Women's physical and mental health status is compromised both at initial PAD diagnosis and at 12-month follow-up, despite experiencing a similar magnitude of change in their health scores throughout the first 12-months after diagnosis.Rachel P. Dreyer, Moniek van Zitteren, John F. Beltrame, Robert Fitridge, Johan Denollet, Patrick W. Vriens, John A. Spertus, Kim G. Smoldere