PROACTIVE IDENTITY PRE-SHARED KEY CACHE FOR WIRELESS CLIENTS AT WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONTROLLER OR ACCESS POINT

Techniques are described herein for downloading an Identity Pre-Shared Key (iPSK) passphrase to an Access Point (AP) before Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) is initiated. iPSK may be an individual PSK per client Media Access Control (MAC) address. This may help support Wi-Fi® Protected Access 3 (WPA3) SAE clients

OPTIMIZED PAIRWISE MASTER KEY IDENTIFIER BASED ROAMING FOR WI-FI PROTECTED ACCESS 3 SIMULTANEOUS AUTHENTICATION OF EQUALS WITH WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONTROLLER OR ACCESS POINT

Techniques are described herein for Wi-Fi® Protected Access 3 (WPA3) Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) client authentication and roaming. The validity of a session may be checked before attempting network association with a target Access Point (AP). This solution may avoid a delay in network connectivity when the previous session is invalid, thereby improving network connectivity for SAE based authentication when clients roam across APs

OPTIMIZED PAIRWISE MASTER KEY IDENTIFIER BASED ROAMING FOR WI-FI PROTECTED ACCESS 3 SIMULTANEOUS AUTHENTICATION OF EQUALS WITH WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONTROLLER OR ACCESS POINT

Techniques are described herein for Wi-Fi® Protected Access 3 (WPA3) Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) client authentication and roaming. The validity of a session may be checked before attempting network association with a target Access Point (AP). This solution may avoid a delay in network connectivity when the previous session is invalid, thereby improving network connectivity for SAE based authentication when clients roam across APs

Intercropping of medicinal and aromatic plants in coconut gardens

A field study was conducted at Horticulture Research Station, Arsikere, Karnataka during 2006-07 to 2008-09 to identify suitable medicinal and aromatic plants for intercropping in coconut gardens of maidan tract of Karnataka. The experiment consisted of 14 medicinal and aromatic crops viz., Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata), Makoi (Solanum nigrum), Coleus (Coleus forskohlii), Garden rue (Ruta graveolens), Lepidium (Lepidium sativum), Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), Arrow root (Maranta arundinaceae), Kacholam (Kaemferia galanga), Cowhage (Mucuna pruriens), Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa), Ambrette (Abelmoschus moschatus), Citronella (Cymbopogon winteranus), Lemon grass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) and Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanoides). The yield of all the medicinal and aromatic crops grown as intercrop in coconut garden were reduced compared to their sole crop yields. The reduction in yield was less in lemon grass (6.4 %), tulsi (23.5 %), arrow root (23.9 %), vetiver grass (25.1 %), kalmegh (25.7 %), makoi (29.1 %), citronella (30.2 %) and garden rue (30.5 %). The nut yield of coconut was improved with intercropping of medicinal and aromatic crops. The andrographolide content in kalmegh (4.40 to 3.20 %), rutin alkaloids in garden rue (1.68 to 1.40 %) and oil content in lepidium (19.60 to 17.23 %) were significantly reduced when grown as intercrops in coconut garden as compared to sole crop. However, the forskohlin content in coleus (0.43 to 0.61 %) and essential oil content in ambrette (0.24 to 0.29 %) were significantly increased by intercropping. In other medicinal and aromatic crops, the quality parameters were not significantly influenced by intercropping. The intercropping system of growing lemon grass under coconut recorded the highest net income (Rs. 91,561/ha) and B:C ratio (2.89) followed by garden rue (Rs. 81,865/ha and 2.79), tulsi (Rs. 77,472/ha and 2.71), kalmegh (Rs. 75,163/ha and 2.56), arrow root (Rs. 72,211/ha and 2.28) and makoi (Rs. 67,058/ha and 2.68). Hence, intercropping of lemon grass, garden rue, tulsi, kalmegh, arrow root and makoi with coconut can be recommended for maidan tract of Karnataka

Effect of feeding three different formulated feeds having different protein levels on the growth of angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare) juveniles

Experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary protein level on growth and nutrient utilization by angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare) juveniles. Fifty-four juveniles (average wt. 2-2.5 g) were equally divided in three treatments with each of three replicates. Three formulated diets with graded protein levels, T1 (35% CP), T2 (40% CP) and T3 (45% CP) were fed to juveniles for 45 days. A trend of higher weight gain %, SGR, FER and PER was found with the increased CP level in the feed. Feed intake was similar in all the groups. T3 group fed with 45% CP registered highest weight gain % (43.26 ± 2.07), SGR (0.78 ± 0.04), FER (0.29 ± 0.01), which were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the T1 and T2 groups. Protein digestibility of T2 and T3 groups was significantly higher than the T1 group. Survival was similar in all the experimental groups. Diet with 45% CP with protein energy ratio of 112.62 mg protein/K cal. is ideal for juvenile angel fish for indoor rearing

Flowering and fruit set in vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andr.)

Cultivation of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia&nbsp;Andr.) is becoming increasingly popular in recent years in the hill zone of Karnataka, India. &nbsp

Comparative Effect of Organics and Biofertilizers on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays. L)

aBStraCt A field experiment to study the &quot;Comparative efficiency of organics and biofertilizers on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.)&quot; was conducted during Kharif 2011 at farmer field in Beluguli village, Chikkanayakanahalli taluk (Tumkur district). The maize cultivar Nithyashree (NAH 2049) was used in the study. The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with fourteen treatments and three replications. Results of the treatment (T 13 ) having recommended dose of NPK + Azotobacter chroococcum + Bacillus megaterium + Pseudomonas fluorescence + enriched compost has showed highest plant height at 30, 60, 90 days after sowing and at harves

Over expression of anti-apoptotic gene in banana cv Rasthali enhances resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1

The most popular banana cv Rasthali was transformed with anti-apoptotic gene, AtBAG4 regulated with two different promoters viz., ZmBgl and ubiquitin to enhance the tolerance levels to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1 (FOC1). The differences in gene expression driven by two promoters revealed that stronger expression of AtBAG4 gene under the ubiquitin promoter suppressed the infection and spreading processes of FOC1 in transgenic banana under standard bioassay systems. Analysis using the real time PCR showed the varying levels of AtBAG4 gene expression under two promoters. It was evident that ZmBgl driven AtBAG4 lead to lower gene expression in leaves which correlated with lesser levels of resistance to FOC1. Constitutive expression of AtBAG4 under the control of ubiquitin promoter showed increased transgene transcripts which directly correlated with the enhanced tolerance against FOC1 from seedlings stage to active vegetative phases. This study reveals the importance of constitutive expression of anti-apoptotic gene showing enhanced tolerance against the most dreaded FOC1 in highly susceptible variety Rasthali

Influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on yield and quality of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Field experiments were carried out during Kharif season of 2015 and 2016 to study the influence of FYM, inorganic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers on fresh herbage yield, quantity and quality of essential oil of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum). Nine treatments with&nbsp; three replication were adopted in a randomized block design to find out the effect of different levels of N applied through FYM (100, 75 and 50% of the recommended N along with and without bio-fertilizers), recommended dose of NPK (160:80:80 kg ha-1), recommended FYM (10 t ha-1) + NPK (160:80:80&nbsp; kg ha-1) and control (recommended&nbsp; FYM (10 t ha-1) on fresh herbage and oil yield, oil content and oil quality of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Pooled results revealed that application of recommended FYM (10 t ha-1) along with recommended NPK (160:80:80 kg ha-1) recorded the highest fresh herbage yield (39.95 and 19.37 t ha-1), essential oil content (0.48 and 0.45%) and essential oil yield (199.7 and 107.58 kg ha-1) in the main crop and ratoon, respectively. With respect to oil quality, bio-fertilizer has a good impact on oil quality, that highest percentage of Methyl chavicol was recorded with application of recommended FYM (10 t ha-1) + recommended N through FYM along with bio fertilizers in the main crop of 2016 (63.78%) and in the ratoon (59.39 and 59.67%) of 2015 and 2016, respectively