301 research outputs found
Crystal structure of the yellow 1:2 molecular complex lumiflavinβbisnaphthalene-2,3-diol
In the first molecular complex of the physiologically active neutral form of isoalloxazine studied, lumiflavinβbisnaphthalene-2,3-diol, each flavin is sandwiched between two naphthalenediol molecules with extensive overlap but a moderately large (3Β·44 Γ
) spacing, indicating at most weak charge-transfer interaction and in agreement with the yellow colour of the complex, nearly the same as that of the parent lumiflavin
Removel of manganese from water by sorbent catalyst
Π£ ΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ· Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠ£-2-8, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π° Π· ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΡ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠ£-2-8,
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΡΠ½Π½Π° ΡΠΌΠΎΠ»Π°
Π·Π°Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ
Π½Π° ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
Application of aluminium coagulants for the removal of sulphate from mine water
he results of treatment of solutions with high sulphates concentration and the high rate of water hardness are given. It is shown that the significant reduction of secondary pollution by chlorides achieved through an integrated use of aluminium hydroxchloride and sodium aluminate coagulants. It was found that the efficiency of water purification of sulphates and water softening can be increased with the carbon dioxide processing
Evaluation of the contribution of ion exchange in the process of demanganization with modified cation exchange resin KU-2-8.
An effective method of water purification from manganese compounds is the use of magnetite, so it is advisable to improve the way it is used. The main disadvantage of using dispersed microcrystalline magnetite is the difficulty of implementing water purification in dynamic conditions, due to the significant resistance to water filtration. In the case of the use of magnetite in static conditions, there is a constant consumption of magnetite after settling and filtration, and the demanganization process requires the use of bulky and poorly mobile installations (mixers, settling tanks and filters). Therefore, water purification from manganese ions was carried out under dynamic conditions by filtering water through a layer of strong acid cation exchange resin KU-2-8 in H+, Na+, Ca2+ forms modified with magnetite. This allows constant contact of the solution with the ion exchange material and reduces the role of the limiting diffusion factor on the water purification process. When evaluating the effectiveness of cation exchange resin KU-2-8 in the extraction of Mn2+ ions from water depending on the form of the resin, it was found that the FEDC for the resin in H+ form is 2198 mg-eq/dm3, for Na+ it is 2175 mg-eq/dm3 and for Ca2+ the value is 1717 mg-eq/dm3. Therefore, during the transition from H+ to Na+ and to Ca2+ form there is a decrease in the sorption capacity for Mn2+ ions in the cation exchange resin KU-2-8. On the cation exchange resin in Ca2+ form the efficiency of demanganization decreases with increasing concentration of manganese ions. When increasing the initial concentration from 5 to 10 and 30 mg/dm3 in distilled water, the residual concentration increases from 0.14 to 0.35 and up to 1.95 mg/dm3 when filtered through 10 cm3 of resin in Ca2+ form. When removing Mn2+ ions from artesian water, the residual concentration was 4.0; 7.0 and 27.0 mg/dm3 respectively. Thus, on magnetite-modified cation exchange resin, manganese ions are removed only partially due to ion exchange and their complete removal from water is possible only due to catalytic oxidation and deposition on magnetite
Thioredoxin-mimetic peptide CB3 lowers MAPKinase activity in the Zucker rat brain
AbstractDiabetes is a high risk factor for dementia. High glucose may be a risk factor for dementia even among persons without diabetes, and in transgenic animals it has been shown to cause a potentiation of indices that are pre-symptomatic of Alzheimerβ²s disease. To further elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking inflammatory events elicited in the brain during oxidative stress and diabetes, we monitored the activation of mitogen-activated kinsase (MAPKs), c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAP kinases (p38MAPK), and extracellular activating kinsae1/2 (ERK1/2) and the anti-inflammatory effects of the thioredoxin mimetic (TxM) peptides, Ac-Cys-Pro-Cys-amide (CB3) and Ac-Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys-amide (CB4) in the brain of male leptin-receptor-deficient Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Daily i.p. injection of CB3 to ZDF rats inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and p38MAPK, and prevented the expression of thioredoxin-interacting-protein (TXNIP/TBP-2) in ZDF rat brain. Although plasma glucose/insulin remained high, CB3 also increased the phosphorylation of AMP-ribose activating kinase (AMPK) and inhibited p70S6K kinase in the brain. Both CB3 and CB4 reversed apoptosis induced by inhibiting thioredoxin reductase as monitored by decreasing caspase 3 cleavage and PARP dissociation in SH-SY5Y cells. The decrease in JNK and p38MAPK activity in the absence of a change in plasma glucose implies a decrease in oxidative or neuroinflammatory stress in the ZDF rat brain. CB3 not only attenuated MAPK phosphorylation and activated AMPK in the brain, but it also diminished apoptotic markers, most likely acting via the MAPKβAMPKβmTOR pathway. These results were correlated with CB3 and CB4 inhibiting inflammation progression and protection from oxidative stress induced apoptosis in human neuronal cells. We suggest that by attenuating neuro-inflammatory processes in the brain Trx1 mimetic peptides could become beneficial for preventing neurological disorders associated with diabetes
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²
Peculiarities of communication in organizations of βclosedβ, βopenedβ, βsimultaneousβ and βchanceβ types are described in the article. The authors use their personal experience as a trainer and a consultant. The necessity of the formation and support of effective communication by management of a modern enterprise is actualized. The advantages, the lacks and the dynamical characteristics of the organizational models and communicational manifestations in them are analyzed. Preconditions and factors of efficacy of organizational communication are offered.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ βΠ·Π°ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎβ, βΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎβ, βΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎβ ΠΈ βΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎβ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ. ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ
. ΠΠ·Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
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