Genre and Engagement

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/88136/1/swales-genre_and_engagement.pd

ESP in the big world of reprint requests

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/88134/1/swales-esp_in_big_world.pd

Utilizing the Literatures in Teaching the Research Paper

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90276/1/3586354.pd

A Context‐Restrictive Model for Program Evaluation?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90157/1/3587132.pd

20 Years of the TESOL Quarterly

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90079/1/3587069.pd

Writing in Conservation Biology: Searching for an Interdisciplinary Rhetoric

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/88135/1/samraj.pd

The Richard commission and the financing of devolved government : the economics of devolution in Wales: Briefing No. 8

If the Barnett formula is rigorously applied to determine the budget of the Welsh Assembly Government, this will ultimately adversely affect the economy of Wales by limiting the growth in aggregate demand. This effect is reinforced now that population weights determining rises in expenditure in Wales (and Scotland and Northern Ireland) are regularly up-dated. There is some controversy in Wales about whether some form of needs-assessment exercise would favour Wales relative to its current position. What is clear is that the outcome of a rigorous, long term application of the Barnett formula would be a share of UK public expenditures in Wales (and Scotland and Northern Ireland) that was almost certainly below the level that would be dictated by any conventional understanding of 'needs'. The impact of the tax-varying power favoured by the Richard Commission is ambiguous, with the direction of effects dependent on the reaction of the current labour force and potential migrants. If workers insist on full compensation for loss of income to tax through a rise in gross wages a tax rise would lead to an economic contraction. However, if workers value the additional public services financed by the tax rise as equal to their loss of disposable income, this effect can be avoided. Much in other words would depend on how the proceeds of the tax rise were spen

The Effects of Modifying the Formality Level of ESL Composition Questions

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90194/1/3586551.pd

"Geological Setting/Cadre Géologique" in English and French Petrology Articles: Muted Indications of Explored Places

There has been considerable interest over the past 15 years in the scientific research article, its schematic structure and how it responds to discourse community expectations. While these features have been widely investigated in numerous disciplines, relatively scant attention has been paid to the important discipline of geology. Moreover, within the sub-discipline of petrology, we find a sub-section as yet unrecognized in the extensive literature on the research article. The 'Geological Setting' (GS), an introductory part-genre occurring before the onset of petrological analysis, is a multi-functional description which frames researchers' results within their geological context. Based on a corpus of 20 articles (10 in French and 10 in English), it is argued that this part-genre is not only a complex of the topography, geological history and characteristics of the research site, but also serves to establish the authors' credentials and authority as experts. This is accomplished not through agentive narratives marking the authors' presence on the site, but through more muted and indirect means. Similarities at the macro-level and general discourse structure are found in both the French and English texts, with important stylistic differences on a local level

The relative efficiency of automatic and discretionary regional aid

For the last two decades, the primary instruments for UK regional policy have been discretionary subsidies. Such aid is targeted at "additional" projects - projects that would not have been implemented without the subsidy - and the subsidy should be the minimum necessary for the project to proceed. Discretionary subsidies are thought to be more efficient than automatic subsidies, where many of the aided projects are non-additional and all projects receive the same subsidy rate. The present paper builds on Swales (1995) and Wren (2007a) to compare three subsidy schemes: an automatic scheme and two types of discretionary scheme, one with accurate appraisal and the other with appraisal error. These schemes are assessed on their expected welfare impacts. The particular focus is the reduction in welfare gain imposed by the interaction of appraisal error and the requirements for accountability. This is substantial and difficult to detect with conventional evaluation techniques