Temporomandibular joint dysfunction and orthognathic surgery: a retrospective study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Relations between maxillo-mandibular deformities and TMJ disorders have been the object of different studies in medical literature and there are various opinions concerning the alteration of TMJ dysfunction after orthognathic surgery. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate TMJ disorders changes before and after orthognathic surgery, and to assess the risk of creating new TMJ symptoms on asymptomatic patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A questionnaire was sent to 176 patients operated at the Maxillo-Facial Service of the Lille's 2 Universitary Hospital Center (Chairman Pr Joël Ferri) from 01.01.2006 to 01.01.2008. 57 patients (35 females and 22 males), age range from 16 to 65 years old, filled the questionnaire. The prevalence and the results on pain, sounds, clicking, joint locking, limited mouth opening, and tenseness were evaluated comparing different subgroups of patients.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>TMJ symptoms were significantly reduced after treatment for patients with pre-operative symptoms. The overall subjective treatment outcome was: improvement for 80.0% of patients, no change for 16.4% of patients, and an increase of symptoms for 3.6% of them. Thus, most patients were very satisfied with the results. However the appearance of new onset of TMJ symptoms is common. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of preoperative TMJ symptoms and on postoperative results in class II compared to class III patients.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These observations demonstrate that: there is a high prevalence of TMJ disorders in dysgnathic patients; most of patients with preoperative TMJ signs and symptoms can improve TMJ dysfunction and pain levels can be reduced by orthognathic treatment; a percentage of dysgnathic patients who were preoperatively asymptomatic can develop TMJ disorders after surgery but this risk is low.</p

Serious Games for Health: Learning and healing with video games?

Serious Games (SG) are a new medium in the context of e-learning. Serious Games use the multimedial advantages of computer and video games to fulfil the didactic requirements to teach target groups in classical and new learning scenarios.Serious Games for Health (SGH) can be applied in the domains of medical therapy, continuing medical education and in the fields of prevention and health promotion. From a didactic and instructional psychology perspective the impact of Serious Games is based on their integration into motivational and multimedia aspects of computer and video games from different genres in learning scenarios.Serious Games in the domain of therapy can be a meaningful endorsement to existing therapies for both patients and relatives to improve the therapeutic outcome and to foster the compliance of patients.In the field of continually medical education studies show the positive impact of Serious Games on learning outcomes. Serious Games in prevention and health promotion are mostly applied in the framework of public communication campaigns.Serious Games (SG) stellen ein neues Medium im Bereich der E-Learning-Anwendungen dar. Sie nutzen die multimedialen Vorteile von Computerspielen, um die didaktischen Bedürfnisse der Zielgruppe in den klassischen oder neuen Lernszenarien zu erfüllen. Der Einsatzbereich für Serious Games for Health (SGH) kann in die Bereiche der medizinischen Therapie/Versorgung oder Gesundheitsversorgung, der medizinischen Fort- und Weiterbildung und in Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung unterteilt werden.In einigen lernpsychologischen Theorien wird die Wirksamkeit von S eriou s Games for Health als Lernmedium mit der didaktischen Integration motivierendender und multimedialer Anteile von Computerspielen in Lernszenarien begründet. Die Anwendung von Serious Games in der Gesundheitsversorgung kann für Patienten und deren Angehörige in allen Altersgruppen eine sinnvolle ergänzende Intervention darstellen, die den Behandlungserfolg und die Compliance von Patienten unterstützen kann. In der medizinischen Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung konnte die Wirksamkeit von Serious Games for Health in verschiedenen E-Learning gestützten Lernszenarien nachgewiesen werden. Serious G ame s in der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung werden hauptsächlich im Rahmen von Aufklärungskampagnen eingesetzt, um gezielt schwer erreichbare Zielgruppen anzusprechen