Effects of chest physiotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy in preventing post-operative complications in a patient who has undergone double barrel ileostomy: a case study

Bowel obstruction is a common complication in advanced ovarian cancer with a reported obstruction rate between 5–42%, which is treated with resection and anastomosis. Post-operative complications (PPCs) generally occur due to immobility, decreased chest expansion, reduced thoracic mobility, weakness of respiratory muscles, severe pain at the suture site, and bandaging, making it difficult for the patient to cough. Thick and sticky mucus and depressed mucociliary clearance as an effect of anesthesia, cause accumulation of secretions in the lungs and can lead to PPCs. All this leads to prolonged hospital stays for the patient and delays recovery. Hence, our study aims to study the effects of chest physiotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy in preventing post-operative complications in a patient who has undergone double barrel ileostomy. A 47-year-old female presented with the chief complaint of pain in the abdomen, for 2 months, which was dull aching and did not relieve with medication. She underwent double barrel ileostomy surgery. Following surgery, a 1- week exercise program was designed for the patient, which included the combination of chest PT and cognitive behavioral therapy with pre- and post-assessment of 3 scales, HAM-A, MGS-2, and POP DST, which showed remarkable differences in the pre and post values of the patient. Our present study concluded that post-operative physiotherapy intervention of chest PT and cognitive behavioral therapy was effective in preventing post-operative complications in the patient and promoted her early discharge from the hospital.

DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING MEDIA USING ADOBE AFTER EFFECT IN DYNAMIC ELECTRICITY SUBJECT MATTER

This research is the development of instructional videos. The purpose of this study was to develop ICT based learning media that can enhance students' understanding on the dynamic electrical material. This study uses 4D model of development which define, design, develop and disseminate. This study only uses three phases to the development stage video designed using Software adobe after effect. Further testing in two stages, the process of validation and surveys. The validation process performed by the second validator of the quality and appropriateness of instructional media content with an average score of 3.25 thus classified as "Highly Valid". Furthermore, the survey of 14 students of 4th semester of physics education by looking at appeal and the general look of the media with the acquisition of an average score of 3.13 and included the category "Agree". Thus deserve to be a program developed as a learning medium and can be used in science teaching junior class IX on the subject of dynamic electricity

Large-scale interaction profiling of PDZ domains through proteomic peptide-phage display using human and viral phage peptidomes

The human proteome contains a plethora of short linear motifs (SLiMs) that serve as binding interfaces for modular protein domains. Such interactions are crucial for signaling and other cellular processes, but are difficult to detect because of their low to moderate affinities. Here we developed a dedicated approach, proteomic peptide-phage display (ProP-PD), to identify domain-SLiM interactions. Specifically, we generated phage libraries containing all human and viral C-terminal peptides using custom oligonucleotide microarrays. With these libraries we screened the nine PSD-95/ Dlg/ZO-1 (PDZ) domains of human Densin-180, Erbin, Scribble, and Disks large homolog 1 for peptide ligands. We identified several known and putative interactions potentially relevant to cellular signaling pathways and confirmed interactions between fulllength Scribble and the target proteins β-PIX, plakophilin-4, and guanylate cyclase soluble subunit a-2 using colocalization and coimmunoprecipitation experiments. The affinities of recombinant Scribble PDZ domains and the synthetic peptides representing the C termini of these proteins were in the 1- to 40-μM range. Furthermore, we identified several well-established host-virus protein- protein interactions, and confirmed that PDZ domains of Scribble interact with the C terminus of Tax-1 of human T-cell leukemia virus with micromolar affinity. Previously unknown putative viral protein ligands for the PDZ domains of Scribble and Erbin were also identified. Thus, we demonstrate that our ProP-PD libraries are useful tools for probing PDZ domain interactions. The method can be extended to interrogate all potential eukaryotic, bacterial, and viral SLiMs and we suggest it will be a highly valuable approach for studying cellular and pathogen-host protein-protein interactions

Leptin as a critical regulator of hepatocellular carcinoma development through modulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Numerous epidemiological studies have documented that obesity is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the biological actions regulated by leptin, the obesity biomarker molecule, and its receptors in HCC and the correlation between leptin and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a known mediator of cellular immortalization.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We investigated the relationship between leptin, leptin receptors and hTERT mRNA expression in HCC and healthy liver tissue samples. In HepG2 cells, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to study signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) and myc/mad/max transcription factors downstream of leptin which could be responsible for hTERT regulation. Flow cytometry was used for evaluation of cell cycle modifications and MMP1, 9 and 13 expression after treatment of HepG2 cells with leptin. Blocking of leptin's expression was achieved using siRNA against leptin and transfection with liposomes.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We showed, for the first time, that leptin's expression is highly correlated with hTERT expression levels in HCC liver tissues. We also demonstrated in HepG2 cells that leptin-induced up-regulation of hTERT and TA was mediated through binding of STAT3 and Myc/Max/Mad network proteins on <it>hTERT </it>promoter. We also found that leptin could affect hepatocellular carcinoma progression and invasion through its interaction with cytokines and matrix mettaloproteinases (MMPs) in the tumorigenic microenvironment. Furthermore, we showed that histone modification contributes to leptin's gene regulation in HCC.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We propose that leptin is a key regulator of the malignant properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through modulation of hTERT, a critical player of oncogenesis.</p

Human telomerase activity regulation

Telomerase has been recognized as a relevant factor distinguishing cancer cells from normal cells. Thus, it has become a very promising target for anticancer therapy. The cell proliferative potential can be limited by replication end problem, due to telomeres shortening, which is overcome in cancer cells by telomerase activity or by alternative telomeres lengthening (ALT) mechanism. However, this multisubunit enzymatic complex can be regulated at various levels, including expression control but also other factors contributing to the enzyme phosphorylation status, assembling or complex subunits transport. Thus, we show that the telomerase expression targeting cannot be the only possibility to shorten telomeres and induce cell apoptosis. It is important especially since the transcription expression is not always correlated with the enzyme activity which might result in transcription modulation failure or a possibility for the gene therapy to be overcome. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of numerous telomerase regulation mechanisms that take place after telomerase subunits coding genes transcription. Thus we show the possible mechanisms of telomerase activity regulation which might become attractive anticancer therapy targets

Premature CAD: Conventional Screening and Diagnostic Strategies May Not Capture the “Whole Picture”

[No abstract available