17,008 research outputs found
Modelling the influence of personality and culture on affect and enjoyment in multimedia
Affect is evoked through an intricate relationship between the characteristics of stimuli, individuals, and systems of perception. While affect is widely researched, few studies consider the combination of multimedia system characteristics and human factors together. As such, this paper explores the influence of personality (Five-Factor Model) and cultural traits (Hofstede Model) on the intensity of multimedia-evoked positive and negative affects (emotions). A set of 144 video sequences (from 12 short movie clips) were evaluated by 114 participants from a cross-cultural population, producing 1232 ratings. On this data, three multilevel regression models are compared: a baseline model that only considers system factors; an extended model that includes personality and culture; and an optimistic model in which each participant is modelled. An analysis shows that personal and cultural traits represent 5.6% of the variance in positive affect and 13.6% of the variance in negative affect. In addition, the affect-enjoyment correlation varied across the clips. This suggests that personality and culture play a key role in predicting the intensity of negative affect and whether or not it is enjoyed, but a more sophisticated set of predictors is needed to model positive affect with the same efficacy
Acoustic Echo and Noise Cancellation System for Hand-Free Telecommunication using Variable Step Size Algorithms
In this paper, acoustic echo cancellation with doubletalk detection system is implemented for a hand-free telecommunication system using Matlab. Here adaptive noise canceller with blind source separation (ANC-BSS) system is proposed to remove both background noise and far-end speaker echo signal in presence of double-talk. During the absence of double-talk, far-end speaker echo signal is cancelled by adaptive echo canceller. Both adaptive noise canceller and adaptive echo canceller are implemented using LMS, NLMS, VSLMS and VSNLMS algorithms. The normalized cross-correlation method is used for double-talk detection. VSNLMS has shown its superiority over all other algorithms both for double-talk and in absence of double-talk. During the absence of double-talk it shows its superiority in terms of increment in ERLE and decrement in misalignment. In presence of double-talk, it shows improvement in SNR of near-end speaker signal
The Formal Underpinnings of the Response Functions used in X-Ray Spectral Analysis
This work provides an in-depth mathematical description of the response
functions that are used for spatial and spectral analysis of X-ray data. The
use of such functions is well-known to anyone familiar with the analysis of
X-ray data where they may be identified with the quantities contained in the
Ancillary Response File (ARF), the Redistribution Matrix File (RMF), and the
Exposure Map. Starting from first-principles, explicit mathematical expressions
for these functions, for both imaging and dispersive modes, are arrived at in
terms of the underlying instrumental characteristics of the telescope including
the effects of pointing motion. The response functions are presented in the
context of integral equations relating the expected detector count rate to the
source spectrum incident upon the telescope. Their application to the analysis
of several source distributions is considered. These include multiple, possibly
overlapping, and spectrally distinct point sources, as well as extended
sources. Assumptions and limitations behind the usage of these functions, as
well as their practical computation are addressed.Comment: 22 pages, 3 figures (LaTeX
Thin Film Formation During Splashing of Viscous Liquids
After impact onto a smooth dry surface, a drop of viscous liquid initially
spreads in the form of a thick lamella. If the drop splashes, it first emits a
thin fluid sheet that can ultimately break up into droplets causing the splash.
Ambient gas is crucial for creating this thin sheet. The time for sheet
ejection, , depends on impact velocity, liquid viscosity, gas pressure
and molecular weight. A central air bubble is trapped below the drop at
pressures even below that necessary for this sheet formation. In addition, air
bubbles are entrained underneath the spreading lamella when the ejected sheet
is present. Air entrainment ceases at a lamella velocity that is independent of
drop impact velocity as well as ambient gas pressure.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figure
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