Assessment of oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin

Background: Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is an inflammatory disease of the canine central nervous system (CNS) that shares several features with multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans. In approximately 95% of MS patients, ≥ two immunoglobulin G (IgG) oligoclonal bands (OCBs) are detectable exclusively in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Hypothesis/objectives: To investigate OCBs in CSF and serum in dogs affected by MUO, intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), idiopathic epilepsy (IE), intracranial neoplasia (IN), steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), and diseases outside the CNS. We hypothesize that the highest prevalence of CSF-specific OCBs (≥ two OCBs uniquely in the CSF) would be found in dogs affected by MUO. Animals: Client-owned dogs (n = 121) presented to the neurology service due to neurological deficits. Methods: Prospective study. Measurement of IgG concentration in CSF and serum via a canine IgG ELISA kit. OCB detection via isoelectric focusing (IEF) and immunoblot. Results: Presence of CSF-specific OCBs was significantly higher in dogs with MUO (57%) compared to 22% in IN, 6% in IE, 15% in SRMA, 13% in IVDD, and 0% in the non-CNS group (p < .001). Dogs with MUO were 9.9 times more likely to show CSF-specific OCBs than all other diseases together (95% confidence interval, 3.7–26.4; p < .001). Conclusions and clinical importance: MUO showed the highest prevalence of CSF-specific OCBs, indicating an inflammatory B cell response. Future studies are needed to evaluate the prevalence in the specific MUO subtypes and a possible similarity with human MS

Assessment of oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin.

BACKGROUND Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is an inflammatory disease of the canine central nervous system (CNS) that shares several features with multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans. In approximately 95% of MS patients, ≥ two immunoglobulin G (IgG) oligoclonal bands (OCBs) are detectable exclusively in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To investigate OCBs in CSF and serum in dogs affected by MUO, intervertebral disc disease (IVDD), idiopathic epilepsy (IE), intracranial neoplasia (IN), steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), and diseases outside the CNS. We hypothesize that the highest prevalence of CSF-specific OCBs (≥ two OCBs uniquely in the CSF) would be found in dogs affected by MUO. ANIMALS Client-owned dogs (n = 121) presented to the neurology service due to neurological deficits. METHODS Prospective study. Measurement of IgG concentration in CSF and serum via a canine IgG ELISA kit. OCB detection via isoelectric focusing (IEF) and immunoblot. RESULTS Presence of CSF-specific OCBs was significantly higher in dogs with MUO (57%) compared to 22% in IN, 6% in IE, 15% in SRMA, 13% in IVDD, and 0% in the non-CNS group (p < .001). Dogs with MUO were 9.9 times more likely to show CSF-specific OCBs than all other diseases together (95% confidence interval, 3.7-26.4; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE MUO showed the highest prevalence of CSF-specific OCBs, indicating an inflammatory B cell response. Future studies are needed to evaluate the prevalence in the specific MUO subtypes and a possible similarity with human MS

Long-term outcome of patients with newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia: a randomized comparison of stem cell transplantation with drug treatment.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors represent today's treatment of choice in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is regarded as salvage therapy. This prospective randomized CML-study IIIA recruited 669 patients with newly diagnosed CML between July 1997 and January 2004 from 143 centers. Of these, 427 patients were considered eligible for HSCT and were randomized by availability of a matched family donor between primary HSCT (group A; N=166 patients) and best available drug treatment (group B; N=261). Primary end point was long-term survival. Survival probabilities were not different between groups A and B (10-year survival: 0.76 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69-0.82) vs 0.69 (95% CI: 0.61-0.76)), but influenced by disease and transplant risk. Patients with a low transplant risk showed superior survival compared with patients with high- (P&lt;0.001) and non-high-risk disease (P=0.047) in group B; after entering blast crisis, survival was not different with or without HSCT. Significantly more patients in group A were in molecular remission (56% vs 39%; P=0.005) and free of drug treatment (56% vs 6%; P&lt;0.001). Differences in symptoms and Karnofsky score were not significant. In the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, HSCT remains a valid option when both disease and transplant risk are considered

Manuale Theologiae Moralis

Datos tomados de cubierta que ejerce de portadaPraefatio ad Editionem XIII: Walbergii, die 21 setembris 1956Notas a pié de páginaContiene: I. Supplementum ad XIII. Editionem (XXXIX, [1], 471, [5]) -- II. Supplementum ad XIII. Editionem (X,566,4, [1]

Manuscript 2D-3D Non-rigid Registration using Iterative Reconstruction

In this paper, we propose a novel intensity–based method that address non–rigid 2D-3D registration problem. This method allows non–rigid transformation for volumetric data to establish the proper alignment with a sparse number of 2D projections. The key issue of nonrigid 2D-3D registration is how to define the distance measure between 3D data and 2D projection. In this work, we use the idea that comes from algebraic reconstruction theory to handle this problem. We modify the Euler–Lagrange equation by introducing a new 3D force. This external force term is computed from the residual of the algebraic reconstruction procedures. It means that we integrate the algebraic reconstruction technique into the variational registration framework, so that the 3D displacement field is driven to minimize the “reconstruction distance ” between volumetric data and those 2D projections. Experimental results are presented on both artificial phantom and a real 3D Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) data.

Hyperlipasemia in critically ill dogs with and without acute pancreatitis: Prevalence, underlying diseases, predictors, and outcome

Background: Hyperlipasemia is frequently reported in critically ill people without evidence of acute pancreatitis (AP), and has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Hypothesis/Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of hyperlipasemia at admission and development of hyperlipasemia during hospitalization in critically ill dogs, explore factors associated with hyperlipasemia, and evaluate association with outcome. Animals: Critically ill, client owned dogs (n=1,360), presented onas emergencyies and admitted to the intensive care unit, which that had 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero-3-glutaric acid-(6’-methylresorufin) ester (DGGR) lipase activity measured within 24 hours of admission. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of clinical and laboratory records. Results: The DGGR -lipase activity was increased >above 3×x the upper reference limit at admission in 216/1,360 (16%) dogs, of which 70/216 (32%) had a clinical diagnosis of AP. Other primary conditions associated with hyperlipasemia were renal, endocrine, and immune-mediated diseases, and upper airway obstruction. Predictors of hyperlipasemia at admission were prior glucocorticoid administration, vomiting and abdominal pain, increased age, plasma bilirubin and creatinine concentrations, and decreased hematocrit. Of dogs with repeat measurements, 78/345 (23%) had significantly increased lipase during hospitalization, of which 13/78 (17%) had a clinical diagnosis of AP. Other primary conditions associated with in-hospital hyperlipasemia were renal and immune-mediated disorders. Predictors of developing hyperlipasemia during hospitalization were hemodialysis events, increased plasma bilirubin and creatinine concentrations, and decreased hematocrit. Hyperlipasemia both at admission and during hospitalization was associated with longer hospitalization and higher mortality. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Significant DGGR-hyperlipasemia is frequent in critically ill dogs and is associated with a variety of nonpancreatic conditions and a negative outcome

Towards an algebraic multigrid method for tomographic image reconstruction -- improving convergence of ART

In this paper we introduce a multigrid method for sparse, possibly rank-deficient and inconsistent least squares problems arising in the context of tomographic image reconstruction. The key idea is to construct a suitable AMG method using the Kaczmarz algorithm as smoother. We first present some theoretical results about the correction step and then show by our numerical experiments that we are able to reduce the computational time to achieve the same accuracy by using the multigrid method instead of the standard Kaczmarz algorithm