Maximum Mass-Radius Ratio for Compact General Relativistic Objects in Schwarzschild- de Sitter Geometry

Upper limits for the mass-radius ratio are derived for arbitrary general relativistic matter distributions in the presence of a cosmological constant. General restrictions for the red shift and total energy (including the gravitational contribution) for compact objects in the Schwarzschild-de Sitter geometry are also obtained in terms of the cosmological constant and of the mean density of the star.Comment: 8 pages, no figure

Laser transit anemometer measurements on a slender cone in the Langley unitary plan wind tunnel

A laser transit anemometer (LTA) system was used to probe the boundary layer on a slender (5 degree half angle) cone model in the Langley unitary plan wind tunnel. The anemometer system utilized a pair of laser beams with a diameter of 40 micrometers spaced 1230 micrometers apart to measure the transit times of ensembles of seeding particles using a cross-correlation technique. From these measurements, boundary layer profiles around the model were constructed and compared with CFD calculations. The measured boundary layer profiles representing the boundary layer velocity normalized to the edge velocity as a function of height above the model surface were collected with the model at zero angle of attack for four different flow conditions, and were collected in a vertical plane that bisected the model's longitudinal center line at a location 635 mm from the tip of the forebody cone. The results indicate an excellent ability of the LTA system to make velocity measurements deep into the boundary layer. However, because of disturbances in the flow field caused by onboard seeding, premature transition occurred implying that upstream seeding is mandatory if model flow field integrity is to be maintained. A description and results of the flow field surveys are presented

\u3cem\u3e Ohio v. Clark \u3c/em\u3e

The heart of the debate over the purpose of the Confrontation Clause is the manner in which confrontation was intended to secure a defendant’s rights—either through procedural fairness or ensuring evidentiary reliability. The eventual direction the Supreme Court takes will depend, in large part, on which of these visions of the Confrontation Clause ultimately prevails. Michigan v. Bryant marked a potential step in the direction of the Ohio v. Roberts vision, and Ohio v. Clark does not appear to have departed from the course set in Bryant. Thus, while Crawford v. Washington marked a sea change in the Court’s confrontation jurisprudence, the Court’s recent decisions—including Clark—appear to have chipped away at Crawford’s categorical holding: testimonial statements offered by an unavailable declarant are inadmissible unless the defendant has had a prior opportunity for cross-examination. It remains to be seen how much of Crawford’s holding will ultimately survive

\u3cem\u3e Ohio v. Clark \u3c/em\u3e

The heart of the debate over the purpose of the Confrontation Clause is the manner in which confrontation was intended to secure a defendant’s rights—either through procedural fairness or ensuring evidentiary reliability. The eventual direction the Supreme Court takes will depend, in large part, on which of these visions of the Confrontation Clause ultimately prevails. Michigan v. Bryant marked a potential step in the direction of the Ohio v. Roberts vision, and Ohio v. Clark does not appear to have departed from the course set in Bryant. Thus, while Crawford v. Washington marked a sea change in the Court’s confrontation jurisprudence, the Court’s recent decisions—including Clark—appear to have chipped away at Crawford’s categorical holding: testimonial statements offered by an unavailable declarant are inadmissible unless the defendant has had a prior opportunity for cross-examination. It remains to be seen how much of Crawford’s holding will ultimately survive

The Curious Case of \u3cem\u3eSeminole Rock\u3c/em\u3e: Revisiting Judicial Deference to Agency Interpretations of Their Ambiguous Regulations

Seminole Rock deference warrants reconsideration as it is based on questionable constitutional and pragmatic foundations. This Note argues that courts should provide a meaningful check on agency interpretations by engaging in de novo review of agency resolutions of regulatory ambiguities. Part I explores the development of the Seminole Rock doctrine, from its questionable doctrinal foundations and rapid expansion to the developing concerns regarding its continued validity. In addition, Part I explains the variety of forms that agency interpretations can take, including legal briefs, amicus briefs, and internal memoranda, and discusses their impact in expanding the scope of Seminole Rock deference. Part II considers the various justifications for, and concerns with, Seminole Rock deference. In particular, Part II looks at two primary arguments offered in support of Seminole Rock—the agency’s special insight and institutional competence—and assesses their merits in light of Seminole Rock’s primary concerns—separation of powers and agency gamesmanship. Finally, Part III considers the merits of Professor Manning’s argument that Seminole Rock should be replaced with Skidmore deference, and concludes, despite the potential efficiency costs, that the Court should abandon Seminole Rock and engage in de novo review of agency interpretations of their regulations

Promising Practices: Supporting Transition of Youth Served by the Foster Care System

A continuation of the 1997 study funded by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, this collaborative effort with the National Resource Center for Youth Services presents findings of a study of approximately 100 independent living and transitional living programs. It identifies "promising practices" linked with positive outcomes for youth leaving foster care-and presents information drawn from interviews with program staff and participating youth

Line Intensities and Molecular Opacities of the FeH F4Δi−X4ΔiF^4\Delta_i-X^4\Delta_i Transition

We calculate new line lists and opacities for the $F^4\Delta_i-X^4\Delta_i$ transition of FeH. The 0-0 band of this transition is responsible for the Wing-Ford band seen in M-type stars, sunspots and brown dwarfs. The new Einstein A values for each line are based on a high level ab initio calculation of the electronic transition dipole moment. The necessary rotational line strength factors (H\"onl-London factors) are derived for both the Hund's case (a) and (b) coupling limits. A new set of spectroscopic constants were derived from the existing FeH term values for v=0, 1 and 2 levels of the $X$ and $F$ states. Using these constants extrapolated term values were generated for v=3 and 4 and for $J$ values up to 50.5. The line lists (including Einstein A values) for the 25 vibrational bands with v$\leq$4 were generated using a merged list of experimental and extrapolated term values. The FeH line lists were use to compute the molecular opacities for a range of temperatures and pressures encountered in L and M dwarf atmospheres. Good agreement was found between the computed and observed spectral energy distribution of the L5 dwarf 2MASS-1507.Comment: 52 pages, 3 figures, many tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement

Ariel - Volume 3 Number 5

Editors Richard J. Bonanno Robin A. Edwards Associate Editors Steven Ager Tom Williams Lay-out Editor Eugenia Miller Contributing Editors Paul Bialas Robert Breckenridge Lynne Porter David Jacoby Terry Burt Mark Pearlman Michael Leo Mike LeWitt Editors Emeritus Delvyn C. Case., Jr. Paul M. Fernhof