VEuPathDB: the eukaryotic pathogen, vector and host bioinformatics resource center

The Eukaryotic Pathogen, Vector and Host Informatics Resource (VEuPathDB, https://veupathdb.org) represents the 2019 merger of VectorBase with the EuPathDB projects. As a Bioinformatics Resource Center funded by the National Institutes of Health, with additional support from the Welllcome Trust, VEuPathDB supports >500 organisms comprising invertebrate vectors, eukaryotic pathogens (protists and fungi) and relevant free-living or non-pathogenic species or hosts. Designed to empower researchers with access to Omics data and bioinformatic analyses, VEuPathDB projects integrate >1700 pre-analysed datasets (and associated metadata) with advanced search capabilities, visualizations, and analysis tools in a graphic interface. Diverse data types are analysed with standardized workflows including an in-house OrthoMCL algorithm for predicting orthology. Comparisons are easily made across datasets, data types and organisms in this unique data mining platform. A new site-wide search facilitates access for both experienced and novice users. Upgraded infrastructure and workflows support numerous updates to the web interface, tools, searches and strategies, and Galaxy workspace where users can privately analyse their own data. Forthcoming upgrades include cloud-ready application architecture, expanded support for the Galaxy workspace, tools for interrogating host-pathogen interactions, and improved interactions with affiliated databases (ClinEpiDB, MicrobiomeDB) and other scientific resources, and increased interoperability with the Bacterial & Viral BRC

Nowe spojrzenie na problem oceny i tolerancji zwiazkow rakotworczych w zywnosci w swietle pismiennictwa

W oparciu o aktualne piśmiennictwo dokonano przeglądu na temat prób nowego podejścia do oceny związków rakotwórczych w żywności i określenia warunków koniecznej tolerancji niektórych z nich, zwłaszcza tych których praktycznie trudno uniknąć lub zastąpić bardziej bezpiecznymi i równie skutecznymi w praktycznym użyciu, bądź to w charakterze substancji dodatkowych, bądź to nieuniknionych pozostałości pestycydów, czy też zanieczyszczeń środowiskowych w żywności.The present approach to the assessment of carcinogens in food is described in the light of a literature review. In accordance with Delaney clause, these compounds should not be found in food. The advances in analytical methods have shown, however, that it is not possible to avoid the presence of trace amounts of carcinogens, natural as well as synthetic. On the basis of the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) established in animal studies the power of cancerogenic activity of many compounds was determined as expressed by the dose producing cancer development in 50% of the experimental animals. This dose has the symbol TD50, analogously to the LD50 symbol used in toxicology. On the basis of these doses a trial is presented of ranking cancerogenicity using a new index HERP which expressed the per cent of the amount of a compound taken with food in relation to TD50. Trials are mentioned also of estimating health risk on the basis of evaluation of the risk of malignancy development due to intake of a compound with food, according to the "de minimis" doctrine