Chronic rhinitis in South Africa – more than just allergy!

Chronic rhinitis is a troublesome condition for sufferers. It is tempting to label all patients with chronic nasal symptoms as having allergic rhinitis (AR), but many such patients have other causes of chronic rhinitis that need a specific diagnosis and management strategy. Even when the patient fully fits the definition of AR, their condition will be best served by combining medication with ongoing patient education.http://www.samj.org.zaam2021OtorhinolaryngologyPaediatrics and Child Healt

The Science of Detached Bridgman Growth and Solutocapillary Convection in Solid Solution Crystals

Bridgman and Float-zone crystal growth experiments are planned for NASA's First Materials Science Research Rack using the European Space Agency's Materials Science Laboratory with the Low Gradient Furnace (LGF) and Float Zone Furnace with Rotating Magnetic Field (FMF) inserts, respectively. Samples will include germanium and germanium-silicon alloys with up to 10 atomic percent silicon. The Bridgman part of the investigation includes detached growth samples and so there will be a solid-liquid-gas tri-junction in those experiments just as there will be in all float-zone experiments. There are other similarities as well as significant differences between the types of growth that will be discussed. The presentation will call attention to the reasons that experiments in microgravity will provide information unattainable from Earth-based experiments