The Effect of HCG on in Vitro Maturation of Human Immature Oocytes and Rate of 8 Cell Embryos Mediated by ICSI

ABSTRACT: Introduction & Objective: The infertility treatment by using in vitro matured oocyte has many potential applications. It minimizes the risk of ovarian hyper stimulation and is an alternative treatment for women with polycystic ovarian syndrome who may have problems regarding stimulation for IVF. This method may prove important for subjects in need of fertility preservation and also provides information about the final stage of oocyte maturation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HCG on the rate of in vitro matured oocyte and 8 cell embryos mediated by ICSI. Materials & Methods: This experimental study was done in Montaserieh IVF center and Islamic Azad University at Mashhad. One hundred sixty eight immature oocytes aspirated from women undergoing IVF cycles were divided into 3 equal groups and allocated for maturation in 3 medium cultures. All of 3 culture groups contained G1 medium supplemented with HSA 10% (Human Serum Albumin). Control group had no gonadotropin, but the first experimental group contained HCG 10 IU/ml and the second experimental group contained HCG 5 IU/ml. Matured oocytes were fertilized by ICSI and numbers of 8-cell embryos were investigated 72 hours after fertilization by invert microscope. Results: The results showed that both of the HCG concentrations significantly increased the rate of matured oocytes and also the rate of 8-cell embryos with respect to control group (p0.05) while the number of 8-cell embryos was significantly higher in HCG 5IU/ml with respect to HCG 10IU/ml and control group (p<0.05) Conclusion :The results suggests that both of the HCG concentrations increase the rate of maturation of immature oocytes and the rate of 8-cell embryos but HCG (5IU/ml) has more effect on the number of 8-cell embryos mediated by ICSI

Effect of insufficient on Qualitative Characterestics of Produced Kernels in spring Safflower Cultivars

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Extended lead(II) architectures engineered: Via tetrel bonding interactions

The evaluation of N′-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide (HLI) and N,N′′′-bis(1-(pyridin-2-yl)-ethylidene)carbazide (H2LII) as linker precursors in the synthesis of novel PbII extended structures is described. An equimolar one-pot reaction of PbX2 (X = NO3 -, CH3COO-) salts with HLI and H2LII in MeOH at 60 °C in a branched tube apparatus leads to heteroleptic complexes [Pb(HLI)(NO3)2]n (1), [Pb(LI)(CH3O)]n (2), [Pb2(H2LII)(NO3)4] (3) and [Pb2(HLII)(CH3COO)3]n (4), respectively. The nature of the anion in the parent PbII salt also influences the final structure. In all complexes, the PbII center exhibits a hemidirected coordination geometry with all the covalent bonds being concentrated on one hemisphere of the coordination sphere. The sterically available PbII ion participates in Pb⋯O/N tetrel bonding or Pb⋯Cg interaction as evidenced from the detailed structural and topological analysis of the described complexes. As a result of these interactions, the structures of all four compounds can be extended to a higher dimensional framework, which is further stabilized by hydrogen N-H⋯O/C-H⋯O and dihydrogen C-H⋯H-C bonds and/or π⋯π stacking interactions. The complementary Hirshfeld surface analysis of the discrete complex 3, considering covalent bonds, showed that the structure is highly dominated by H⋯X (X = O, H and C) and O⋯Y (Y = O, Pb, C and N) contacts, of which the O⋯Pb/H/N/C contacts are highly favoured. DFT based charge and energy decomposition (ETS-NOCV) calculations are performed in order to shed light on the nature of the non-covalent interactions that determine the stability of the obtained structures. © 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Extended lead(II) architectures engineered: Via tetrel bonding interactions

The evaluation of N′-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide (HLI) and N,N′′′-bis(1-(pyridin-2-yl)-ethylidene)carbazide (H2LII) as linker precursors in the synthesis of novel PbII extended structures is described. An equimolar one-pot reaction of PbX2 (X = NO3 -, CH3COO-) salts with HLI and H2LII in MeOH at 60 °C in a branched tube apparatus leads to heteroleptic complexes [Pb(HLI)(NO3)2]n (1), [Pb(LI)(CH3O)]n (2), [Pb2(H2LII)(NO3)4] (3) and [Pb2(HLII)(CH3COO)3]n (4), respectively. The nature of the anion in the parent PbII salt also influences the final structure. In all complexes, the PbII center exhibits a hemidirected coordination geometry with all the covalent bonds being concentrated on one hemisphere of the coordination sphere. The sterically available PbII ion participates in Pb⋯O/N tetrel bonding or Pb⋯Cg interaction as evidenced from the detailed structural and topological analysis of the described complexes. As a result of these interactions, the structures of all four compounds can be extended to a higher dimensional framework, which is further stabilized by hydrogen N-H⋯O/C-H⋯O and dihydrogen C-H⋯H-C bonds and/or π⋯π stacking interactions. The complementary Hirshfeld surface analysis of the discrete complex 3, considering covalent bonds, showed that the structure is highly dominated by H⋯X (X = O, H and C) and O⋯Y (Y = O, Pb, C and N) contacts, of which the O⋯Pb/H/N/C contacts are highly favoured. DFT based charge and energy decomposition (ETS-NOCV) calculations are performed in order to shed light on the nature of the non-covalent interactions that determine the stability of the obtained structures. © 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique