75 research outputs found
A Chat About Boring Problems: Studying GPT-based text normalization
Text normalization - the conversion of text from written to spoken form - is
traditionally assumed to be an ill-formed task for language models. In this
work, we argue otherwise. We empirically show the capacity of Large-Language
Models (LLM) for text normalization in few-shot scenarios. Combining
self-consistency reasoning with linguistic-informed prompt engineering, we find
LLM based text normalization to achieve error rates around 40\% lower than top
normalization systems. Further, upon error analysis, we note key limitations in
the conventional design of text normalization tasks. We create a new taxonomy
of text normalization errors and apply it to results from GPT-3.5-Turbo and
GPT-4.0. Through this new framework, we can identify strengths and weaknesses
of GPT-based TN, opening opportunities for future work
EFFECT OF SECONDARY ELECTRON EMISSION ON SUBNANOSECOND BREAKDOWN IN HIGH-VOLTAGE PULSE DISCHARGE
A subnanosecond breakdown in high-voltage pulse discharge is studied in experiment and in kinetic simulations for mid-high pressure in helium. It is shown that the characteristic time of the current growth can be controlled by the secondary electron emission. We test the influence of secondary electron yield on plasma parameters for three types of cathodes made from titanium, silicon carbide and Cu Al Mg-alloy. By changing the pulse voltage amplitude and gas pressure, the area of existence of subnanosecond breakdown is identified.39-3
Blinding for precision scattering experiments: The MUSE approach as a case study
Human bias is capable of changing the analysis of measured data sufficiently
to alter the results of an experiment. It is incumbent upon modern experiments,
especially those investigating quantities considered contentious in the broader
community, to blind their analysis in an effort to minimize bias. The choice of
a blinding model is experiment specific, but should also aim to prevent
accidental release of results before an analysis is finalized. In this paper,
we discuss common threats to an unbiased analysis, as well as common quantities
that can be blinded in different types of nuclear physics experiments. We use
the Muon Scattering Experiment as an example, and detail the blinding scheme
used therein.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
The Two-Photon Exchange Experiment at DESY
We propose a new measurement of the ratio of positron-proton to
electron-proton elastic scattering at DESY. The purpose is to determine the
contributions beyond single-photon exchange, which are essential for the
Quantum Electrodynamic (QED) description of the most fundamental process in
hadronic physics. By utilizing a 20 cm long liquid hydrogen target in
conjunction with the extracted beam from the DESY synchrotron, we can achieve
an average luminosity of
cmssr ( times the luminosity
achieved by OLYMPUS). The proposed TPEX experiment entails a commissioning run
at 2 GeV, followed by measurements at 3 GeV, thereby providing new data up to
(GeV/) (twice the range of current measurements). We present
and discuss the proposed experimental setup, run plan, and expectations.Comment: 10 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:2301.0470
Timing detectors with SiPM read-out for the MUSE experiment at PSI
The Muon Scattering Experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute uses a mixed beam of electrons, muons, and pions, necessitating precise timing to identify the beam particles and reactions they cause. We describe the design and performance of three timing detectors using plastic scintillator read out with silicon photomultipliers that have been built for the experiment. The Beam Hodoscope, upstream of the scattering target, counts the beam flux and precisely times beam particles both to identify species and provide a starting time for time-of-flight measurements. The Beam Monitor, downstream of the scattering target, counts the unscattered beam flux, helps identify background in scattering events, and precisely times beam particles for time-of-flight measurements. The Beam Focus Monitor, mounted on the target ladder under the liquid hydrogen target inside the target vacuum chamber, is used in dedicated runs to sample the beam spot at three points near the target center, where the beam should be focused
Local glucocorticoid therapy or low back pain
Low back pain (LBP) is common; 54 to 80% of the population experience LBP throughout their lives. The authors describe the effect of glucocorticoids (GC) in myofascial pain syndrome, spondyloarthrosis, and sacroiliac arthropathy. Epidural GC is noted to be indicated for persistent pain syndrome. It is concluded that medical blockades using Diprospan in dystrophic-destructive diseases of the lumbar spine are a potent means against one of the major components of manifestations of the disease - pain syndrome - and can achieve a marked therapeutic effect
- …