Zero-bias anomalies of point contact resistance due to adiabatic electron renormalization of dynamical defects

We study effect of the adiabatic electron renormalization on the parameters of the dynamical defects in the ballistic metallic point contact. The upper energy states of the ``dressed'' defect are shown to give a smaller contribution to a resistance of the contact than the lower energy ones. This holds both for the "classical" renormalization related to defect coupling with average local electron density and for the "mesoscopic" renormalization caused by the mesoscopic fluctuations of electronic density the dynamical defects are coupled with. In the case of mesoscopic renormalization one may treat the dynamical defect as coupled with Friedel oscillations originated by the other defects, both static and mobile. Such coupling lifts the energy degeneracy of the states of the dynamical defects giving different mesoscopic contribution to resistance, and provides a new model for the fluctuator as for the object originated by the electronic mesoscopic disorder rather than by the structural one. The correlation between the defect energy and the defect contribution to the resistance leads to zero-temperature and zero-bias anomalies of the point contact resistance. A comparison of these anomalies with those predicted by the Two Channel Kondo Model (TCKM) is made. It is shown, that although the proposed model is based on a completely different from TCKM physical background, it leads to a zero-bias anomalies of the point contact resistance, which are qualitatively similar to TCKM predictions.Comment: 6 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Experimental rationale and clinical use of radiowave energy, anti-adhesion drugs, placenta cryoextract, range of physiotherapy measures and assisted reproductive technology in the restoration of reproductive function of patients who underwent operative in

The aim: to increase the effectiveness of reproductive health restoration in women with progressive tubal pregnancy and develop new approaches to improving methods of restoring reproductive function in patients using endoscopy, anti-adhesive drugs, placental cryoextract, physiotherapy and ART. To substantiate the use of radio wave energy, anti-adhesive drugs, placental cryoextract, an experiment was performed on 196 mature female Wistar rats and 90 BALB / s mice. An analysis of clinical observations of 518 women. The control group included 60 healthy women, 458 patients with tubal pregnancy were divided into 2nd (152 patients), 3rd (154 patients) and 4th (152 patients) clinical groups in which different methods of treatment and rehabilitation of reproductive function were used.It was proved that the use in the 2 clinical group patients PEO with CMC, streptodornase with streptokinase reduced the occurrence of adhesion at 1.6 times, use in patients 3 of the clinical group PEO with CMC, streptodornase with streptokinase and placenta cryoextract led to decrease occurrence of adhesions 2.2 times (p <0.05), use in the 4th clinical group patients sodium hyaluronate, streptodornase with streptokinase and placenta cryoextract helped to reduce the occurence of adhesions by 2.6 times (p < 0.05) compared with the detected intraoperativly adhesion process. The inclusion of ART methods in the treatment of patients who did not become pregnant contributed to the onset of uterine pregnancy in 64.9 - 75.7% of the patients under examination

Federal funding possibilities for accounting history research

The Travel to Collections Program was designed to enable American scholars to travel to the research collections of libraries, archives, museums, or other repositories to consult research materials of fundamental importance for the progress of the scholar\u27s work. The grant program is intended to assist individual scholars defraying the costs associated with a research trip to those collections within North America or Western Europe. Preference is given to those scholars who have no other source of funding for the research trip proposed. The amount of the award is limited to $500 and only research trips whose costs exceed that amount will be considered for the award

Accounting in the thirteenth century manuscripts on estate management

References to the accounting system used for manors are contained in three early manuscripts on estate management. These early manuscripts dealt with husbandry, that is, the wise use of resources, and were addressed to the lords of the estate. Each manuscript provided practical hints intended to aid individuals in the management of their business affairs. Although the institutions and practices referred to in these manuscripts have long since passed away, these treatises provide a fairly complete picture of the life in a thirteenth century manor. The authors dealt: simply with the matters of ordinary experience and did not attempt to follow and apply the principles of any classical authority. Instead, each of these authors attempted to record the wisdom of the time

Foreign (Non-US) Taxes On Internet Transactions

In most discussions of Internet taxation in the United States focus is on sales and use taxation of e-commerce. While such taxes are an important component of the taxing regime on e-commerce, it would be myopic to consider only US taxes as the only tax on Internet transactions. This paper discusses the most important foreign tax on e-commerce is the Value Added Tax (VAT), since a large number of foreign countries impose the VAT

Student Evaluations Of Faculty: Concerns And Possible Solutions

Student evaluations of university instruction have long been used to evaluate the teaching performance of instructors of all ranks.  In spite of the widespread use of the data acquired from student evaluations for the purpose of determining faculty teaching effectiveness, a review of the literature in the area indicates that questions concerning the validity and usefulness of such evaluations remain unanswered.  With the pervasiveness use of student evaluations, it is doubtful that substantial changes in the system are going to be implemented across the country soon. This research reviews the major problems that have been identified in student evaluations of faculty, and suggests some possible methods to increase the validity of teaching evaluations without major changes to the current systems of evaluation of faculty. Any changes to teaching evaluations, which would increase the usefulness of student evaluations of faculty, would benefit both college students and faculty.  Administrators of colleges and universities for some time have stressed the importance of a marketing orientation (Bush, Ferrell & Thomas, Jr., 1998; Moore 2004). Students are one of the consumer groups interested in the product of a college education, and students’ opinions are considered a vital source of information concerning the quality of instruction at colleges and universities

Student Attitude Towards And Use Of Powerpoint Slides As Study Guides In Undergraduate Introductory Financial Accounting

This study examines undergraduate business students’ attitude towards and use of Powerpoint® slides provided as a supplement to class attendance, textbook reading, and other traditional course resources. A survey of students with six majors (accounting, finance, marketing, management, international business and management information systems) enrolled in the undergraduate introductory financial accounting class in which the instructor provided Powerpoint® slides in addition to traditional course lectures and materials for student use.  The students’ learning strategies, as self reported in a questionnaire, (Table 7) were compared against class attendance, test performance, and overall course performance.  Consistent with several prior studies, this study found little relationship between use of these resources and grades on exams or overall course grades.  Further, this study found that students do not view these supplemental on-line resources as a substitute for class attendance