GLP-1R Agonist Liraglutide Activates Cytoprotective Pathways and Improves Outcomes After Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Mice

OBJECTIVE—Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) ago-nists are used to treat type 2 diabetes, and transient GLP-1 administration improved cardiac function in humans after acute myocardial infarction (MI) and percutaneous revascularization. However, the consequences of GLP-1R activation before isch-emic myocardial injury remain unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We assessed the pathophysiology and outcome of coronary artery occlusion in normal and diabetic mice pretreated with the GLP-1R agonist liraglutide. RESULTS—Male C57BL/6 mice were treated twice daily for 7 days with liraglutide or saline followed by induction of MI. Survival was significantly higher in liraglutide-treated mice. Lira-glutide reduced cardiac rupture (12 of 60 versus 46 of 60; P 0.0001) and infarct size (21 2 % versus 29 3%, P 0.02) an

Lack of cardioprotection from subcutaneously and preischemic administered Liraglutide in a closed chest porcine ischemia reperfusion model

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) analogues are promising new treatment options for patients with type 2 diabetes, but may have both potentially beneficial and harmful cardiovascular effects. This may also be the case for the analogues of GLP1 for clinical use. The present study examined the effect of treatment with Liraglutide, a long-acting GLP1 analogue, on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in a porcine model.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Danish Landrace Pigs (70–80 kg) were randomly assigned to Liraglutide (10 μg/kg) or control treatment given daily for three days before ischemia-reperfusion. Ischemia was induced by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery for 40 minutes followed by 2.5 hours of reperfusion. The primary outcome parameter was infarct size in relation to the ischemic region at risk. Secondary endpoints were the hemodynamic parameters mean pulmonary pressure, cardiac output, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure as measured by a Swan-Ganz catheter as well as arterial pressure and heart rate.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The infarct size in relation to ischemic risk region in the control versus the Liraglutide group did not differ significantly: 0.46 ± 0.14 and 0.54 ± 0.12) (mean and standard deviation (SD), p = 0.21). Heart rate was significantly higher in the Liraglutide group during the experiment, while the other hemodynamic parameters did not differ significantly.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Liraglutide has a neutral effect on myocardial infarct size in a porcine ischemia-reperfusion model.</p

An Early Slice Prototype for the Upgraded Readout Electronics of TileCal (conference record)

We have developed a slice prototype of the full TileCal readout chain based on prototype modules and off-the-shelf components. As different module prototypes are developed and become available they can be exchanged with earlier prototypes or emulators in the chain. Due to its modular and flexible structure, the prototype can be modified to reflect changing requirements. It will also allow most of the final functionality to be developed and tested before the hardware design is finalized

A prototype for the upgraded readout electronics of TileCal

Upgrade plans for ATLAS hadronic tile calorimeter (TileCal) include full readout of all data to the counting room. R&amp;amp;amp;D activities at different laboratories target different parts of the upgraded system. We are developing a possible implementation of the future readout electronics to be included in a full functional demonstrator. This must be capable of adapting to each of the three different front-end alternatives. Prototypes of the two PCBs that will be in charge of digitization, control and communication have been developed. The design is redundant and uses FPGAs with fault tolerant firmware for control and protocol conversion. Communication and clock synchronization between on and off detector electronics is implemented via high speed optical links using the GBT protocol

A prototype for the upgraded readout electronics for TileCal

Upgrade plans for ATLAS hadronic calorimeter (TileCal) include full readout of all data to the counting room. We are developing a possible implementation of the future readout and trigger electronics aiming at a full functional demonstrator during Phase 0, starting from an existing functional test slice assembled using a combination of prototypes and emulators. Presently the first version of two PCBs in charge of digitization, control and communication are being developed. The design is highly redundant, using FPGAs with fault tolerant firmware for control and protocol conversion. Communication between on and off detector electronics is implemented via high speed optical links

A Full Slice Test Version of a Tentative Upgraded Readout System for TileCal

The upgrade plans on the ATLAS hadronic calorimeter (TileCal) include the full readout of all data to the counting room. In order to study functional requirements of the future upgraded TileCal readout system we have assembled a minimal TDAQ slice. The aim is to implement a tentative readout chain for TileCal, starting with a newly developed 3-in-1 FE-board from University of Chicago and ending with the storage of triggered data on a PC. Later we will use PMT pulses, amplified and shaped by the 3-in-1 board, as a data source. However, for simplicity we start by using well defined calibration pulses also generated by the 3-in-1 board. The pulses are sampled by a 12 bit ADC, which is connected to an ML605 evaluation board from XILINX. These boards emulate the new on-detector electronics. The ML605 communicates via two 5Gb/s optical links with a Virtex-6 FPGA development board from HighTech Global which emulates the off-detector electronics. The off-detector board is situated in a PC and uses PCIe for readout and control. PCIe is a common ATCA protocol and ATCA will probably be the crate technology of choice. Using this setup we are able to test different parts, alone and together, which are critical for the further upgrade development. This would include new components, new firmware, clock distribution and recovery using the GBT-FPGA protocol as well as the development of software for monitoring and control. The critical function ality of the setup has been developed and tested separately. Charge injection pulses produced in the 3-in-1 card have been controlled and recorded by the ML605 FPGA. The GBT FPGA-FPGA link has been thoroughly tested. Finally we have also tested the PCIe transfer. After verifying the functionality of the full chain the aim is to successively replace parts in the testbed to increase the realism of the model. The next step will be to replace the ML605 with purpose developed circuit boards which may be considered as an early prototype