Snake bites

Australia has some of the most venomous snakes in the world. All patients giving a history of a possible snake bite should be assessed, managed and transported to hospital. Fatalities occur within hours of the snake bite from initial multi-organ failure than cardiac arrest. Basic first-aid such as appropriate bandaging and immobilisation is effective and has reduced death rates significantly.Anti-venom is indicated for all patients who present with clinical and hospital laboratory evidence of envenomation. Anti-venom should be given early and is a horse-derived antibody that is also associated with producing allergic reactions in 25% of cases and anaphylaxis in 5% of patients administered

Asthma

"Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the small airways characterised by episodes of acute exacerbation. The disorder causes airflow restriction to the alveoli as a result of concurrent airway constriction and obstruction. Once considered to be a simple disease, it is now understood to be a complex and multifactorial collection of conditions that limit airflow through both acute and chronic airway changes (Myers & Tomasio, 2011; Saetta & Turato, 2001)."--page 24

Research methods in nursing and midwifery : pathways to evidence based practice

Research Methods in Nursing and Midwifery introduces the principles used in research and systematic reviews for evidence-based practice, with clear and accessible pathways that readers and researchers can follow

Collaborative mental health education

With mental health being such a significant national and sate priority area for health, attracting students to this specialty needs to be carefully considered and constructed. part of this process is the education undergraduate students receive during their degree programmes. This paper demonstrates how if the teriary sector collaborates in a close and truly meaningful way with clinical service providers, educational outcomes for students is increased. This enhances the liklihood of students being attracted to mental health which will have a benefit to clients in this area as well as assisting with the state and national shortage of mental health practitioners

Multi-agent systems for modeling high penetration photovoltaic system impacts in distribution networks

This paper reviews the use of multi-agent systems to model the impacts of high levels of photovoltaic (PV) system penetration in distribution networks and presents some preliminary data obtained from the Perth Solar City high penetration PV trial. The Perth Solar City trial consists of a low voltage distribution feeder supplying 75 customers where 29 consumers have roof top photovoltaic systems. Data is collected from smart meters at each consumer premises, from data loggers at the transformer low voltage (LV) side and from a nearby distribution network SCADA measurement point on the highvoltage side (HV) side of the transformer. The data will be usedto progressively develop MAS models

Public attitudes toward people with mental illness in New Zealand, 1995-1996

Archival data from a cross-sectional survey of two cohorts of community residing New Zealand adults (n = 157; n = 141) was analysed to examine social attitudes towards people with mental illness in a historical period associated with the establishment of a community mental health facility. Participants completed the Opinions about Mental Illness (OMI; Cohen & Struening, 1959), and the Comfort in Interaction Scale (CI, Beckwith & Mathews, 1994); the latter a measure of level of prior contact with people with mental illness. Across cohorts, the OMI Mental Hygiene subscale andthe CI scale had significant variability. Older participants endorsed more Authoritarian, Social Restrictiveness and Interpersonal Ideology attitudes in their perception of people with mental illness than younger participants. Data supported the hypothesis that attitudes towards people with mental illness were influenced by social attitudes, and by opportunities to interact with people with mental illness in work settings

Representation and Reasoning for DAML-Based Policy and Domain Services in KAoS and Nomads

To increase the assurance with which agents can be deployed in operational settings, we have been developing the KAoS policy and domain services. In conjunction with Nomads strong mobility and safe execution features, KAoS services and tools allow for the specification, management, conflict resolution, and enforcement of DAML-based policies within the specific contexts established by complex organizational structures. In this paper, we will discuss results, issues, and lessons learned in the development of these representations, tools, and services and their use in military and space applications

Rate of AIDS diseases or death in HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy-naïve individuals with high CD4 cell count

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Long term probability of detection of HIV-1 drug resistance after starting antiretroviral therapy routine clinical practice.

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Distinct T cell polyfunctional profile in SARS-CoV-2 seronegative children associated with endemic human coronavirus cross-reactivity

SARS-CoV-2 infection in children typically results in asymptomatic or mild disease. There is a paucity of studies on SARS-CoV-2 antiviral immunity in African children. We investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in 71 unvaccinated asymptomatic South African children who were seropositive or seronegative for SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell responses were detectable in 83% of seropositive and 60% of seronegative children. Although the magnitude of the CD4+ T cell response did not differ significantly between the two groups, their functional profiles were distinct, with SARS-CoV-2 seropositive children exhibiting a higher proportion of polyfunctional T cells compared to their seronegative counterparts. The frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells in seronegative children was associated with the endemic human coronavirus (HCoV) HKU1 IgG response. Overall, the presence of SARS-CoV-2-responding T cells in seronegative children may result from cross-reactivity to endemic coronaviruses and could contribute to the relative protection from disease observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected children