Suicidality and hostility following involuntary hospital treatment

Background Psychiatric patients showing risk to themselves or others can be involuntarily hospitalised. No data is available on whether following hospitalisation there is a reduction in psychopathological indicators of risk such as suicidality and hostility. This study aimed to assess changes in suicidality and hostility levels following involuntary admission and their patient-level predictors. Methods A pooled analysis of studies on involuntary treatment, including 11 countries and 2790 patients was carried out. Suicidality and hostility were measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Results 2790 patients were included; 2129 followed-up after one month and 1864 after three months. 387 (13.9%) patients showed at least moderate suicidality when involuntarily admitted, 107 (5.0%) after one month and 97 (5.2%) after three months. Moderate or higher hostility was found in 1287 (46.1%) patients after admission, 307 (14.5%) after one month, and 172 (9.2%) after three months. Twenty-three (1.2%) patients showed suicidality, and 53 (2.8%) patients hostility at all time-points. Predictors of suicidality three months after admission were: suicidality at baseline, not having a diagnosis of psychotic disorder and being unemployed. Predictors of hostility were: hostility at baseline, not having a psychotic disorder, living alone, and having been hospitalized previously. Conclusions After involuntary hospital admission, the number of patients with significant levels of suicidality and hostility decreases substantially over time, and very few patients show consistently moderate or higher levels of these symptoms. In patients with psychotic disorders these symptoms are more likely to improve. Social factors such as unemployment and isolation could hamper suicidality and hostility reduction and may be targeted in interventions to reduce risk in involuntarily admitted patients

Queer Youth and the Culture Wars: From Classroom to Courtroom in Australia, Canada and the United States

This article builds on Lugg\u27s (2006) discussion of surveillance in public schools and how queer youth are resisting schools\u27 current efforts to regulate sexual orientation and gender expression in the U.S. and internationally. Legal complaints initiated by queer youth against their schools for harassment and access to extra-curricular activities are discussed. The number of cases in the past five years has increased significantly and the courts are siding with the youth and their allies, demonstrating that queer youth are significantly impacting the dismantling of heteronormative regulatory regimes and improving the school experiences for themselves and queer adults

IMPACT OF PROTECTIVE GEAR ON DYNAMIC BALANCE AND MOBILITY IN FIREFIGHTERS USING THE Y-BALANCE SCALE

James R. Bernedo, Matthew Dohmeier, Eva Janofsky, Mike Iosia. Lee University, Cleveland, TN. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of personal protective ensembles (PPE) and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) on firefighters\u27 upper body dynamic balance and motor control using the Y-Balance Test (YBT). METHODS: Dynamic balance was measured using the upper-body Y-balance test. Fourteen firefighters (13 M, 1 F) were recruited for the study from the local municipal fire department. Upper body composite reach scores were measured on both sides on three separate occasions, wearing workout gear (PT), PPE, and PPE and SCBA. SPSS was used to identify statistical differences using paired sample t-tests. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant decrease (p\u3c0.001) on both right and left upper body composite scores respectively, between PT and SCBA (94.58 ± 9.30, 82.42 ± 10.01, p=0.001, mean difference= 12.16%), as well as PPE and SCBA (92.9 1± 9.13, 82.42 ± 10.01, p= 0.001, mean difference= 10.49%). On the left PT and SCBA (95.96 ± 8.81, 84.68±9.37, p= 0.001, mean difference= 11.28%), as well as between PPE and SCBA (94.54 ± 9.92, 84.68 ± 9.37, p= 0.001, mean difference= 9.86%). There were no statistical differences on either side between PT and PPE. CONCLUSION: Data from the study indicates that the SCBA had the greatest impact on upper body Y-Balance scores. The average decrease in statistically significant data on right side was 12.16% (PT vs SCBA) and 10.49% (PPE vs PPE + SCBA) and on the left 11.28% (PT vs SCBA) and 9.86% (PPE vs PPE + SCBA). Decreases in dynamic balance in the upper body can be attributed to the increase in weight from PT (93.3 kg ± 21.647), PPE (100.76 kg ± 14.152), to PPE+SCBA (112.854 kg ± 12.4799) due to the self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) that firefighters wear. Firefighter command structures may wish to take into consideration the impact of upper body reach balance and stability when training with the SCBA. Further research is needed to identify cut points in composite scores which may be associated with increased risk of injury

IMPACT OF PROTECTIVE GEAR ON LOWER BODY DYNAMIC BALANCE AND MOTOR CONTROL IN FIREFIGHTERS

Matthew Dohmeier, James Bernedo, Eva Janofsky, Mike Iosia. Lee University, Cleveland, TN. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of personal protective ensembles (PPE) and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) on firefighters\u27 lower body dynamic balance and motor control using the Y-Balance Test (YBT). METHODS: Fourteen firefighters (13 male and 1 female) from the local municipal fire department volunteered for the study. Lower body YBT composite reach scores were measured on both right and left sides, on three separate occasions wearing workout gear (PT), PPE, and PPE + SCBA (SCBA gear). Testing order was counterbalanced to mitigate the learning effect. Composite scores were normalized for limb length and reported as percentages. Paired T-Tests were run using IBM SPSS V25 to identify statistical differences at an alpha level of p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Statistical analysis of the YBT data showed there were significant differences between the right leg lower body composite score between PT and PPE gear (103.98 ± 7.53, 100.71 ± 6.68, p = 0.038, mean difference = 3.26%), PT and SCBA gear (103.98 ± 7.53, 96.39 ± 8.31, p = 0.001, mean difference = 7.59%), and PPE and SCBA gear (100.71 ± 6.68, 96.39 ± 8.31, p = 0.021, mean difference = 4.32%). There were also significant differences found in the left side lower body composite scores between PT and SCBA gear (105.42 ± 8.47, 97.50 ± 9.33, p = 0.004, mean difference = 7.92%) and PPE and SCBA gear (102.15 ± 7.64, 97.50 ± 9.33, p = 0.034, mean difference = 4.65%). No significant difference was found between left leg PT and PPE composite scores (105.42 ± 8.47, 102.15 ± 7.64, p = 0.054, mean difference = 3.27%). CONCLUSION: In a previous study by Games et al (2019), a decreases in composite scores of 5.52% on the right and 5.06% on the left was found. This study found decreases of 7.59% on the right and 7.92% on the left. Results suggest that the weight added by the PPE and PPE + SCBA negatively impacted reach scores. Average body mass with PT gear (PTWt.) was 89.25 ± 3.35 kg, PTWt. + PPE = 100.32 ± 3.35 kg; and PTWt. + SCBA = 113.11 ± 3.35 kg. Further research is needed to identify any changes in injury risk while training in full gear