ART: A machine learning Automated Recommendation Tool for synthetic biology

Biology has changed radically in the last two decades, transitioning from a descriptive science into a design science. Synthetic biology allows us to bioengineer cells to synthesize novel valuable molecules such as renewable biofuels or anticancer drugs. However, traditional synthetic biology approaches involve ad-hoc engineering practices, which lead to long development times. Here, we present the Automated Recommendation Tool (ART), a tool that leverages machine learning and probabilistic modeling techniques to guide synthetic biology in a systematic fashion, without the need for a full mechanistic understanding of the biological system. Using sampling-based optimization, ART provides a set of recommended strains to be built in the next engineering cycle, alongside probabilistic predictions of their production levels. We demonstrate the capabilities of ART on simulated data sets, as well as experimental data from real metabolic engineering projects producing renewable biofuels, hoppy flavored beer without hops, and fatty acids. Finally, we discuss the limitations of this approach, and the practical consequences of the underlying assumptions failing

Evaluation of the anterior maxillary bone for implant placement and its relationship with the final restoration using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images

Statement of the Problem: The thickness and height of the facial wall of the alveolar bone in anterior part of maxilla is a critical factor to achieving esthetic and success of   implant insertion. Objectives:The aim of  present study was evaluating the anterior maxillary bone by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.Methods :In this in vitro study, 200 CBCT images of the anterior maxillary teeth were examined. Each tooth was classified according to the sagittal root position and the measurements were done by one practitioner. Results:The following variables were significantly associated with gender (male predilection): tooth-ridge angulation (TRA )in the right lateral teeth; concavity angulation (CA)in the right central and lateral teeth; concavity depth (CD ) in the right lateral teeth and both canines; concavity location (CL)in the right canine; buccal bone height (BH)and palatal bone height ( PH) in the left canine.Age was associated with CLand ridge angulation in none of the teeth; with TRA and CD in all anterior teeth; bone density in the right lateral teeth; with CA in both  lateral teeth; with BH in both central teeth; with PHin the right central and left lateral teeth; and with TA in both lateral teeth and canines.&nbsp