Acute myocardial infarction: profile and management at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi

Objective: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a rising epidemic in developing countries. While studies in the West have established the characteristics and management of AMI patients, comprehensive data reflecting these issues in the Pakistani subjects is scarce. This study examined the profile and management of AMI in patients hospitalized at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.Methods: Three hundred forty four patients admitted in 1998 with the diagnosis of AMI met our inclusion criteria. Data on presentation, investigations, monitoring and therapy was obtained. Chi-square and t tests were used to analyze the data.Results: Out of 344 patients with AMI, 71% were males; 58% had a Q wave MI. Majority of the patients who presented within 2 hours of symptom onset (36%), had chest pain. Patients with dyspnea and no chest pain were more likely to present after 12 hours of the onset of symptoms. In-house mortality was found to be 10.8%. Low HDL and diabetes was associated with in-hospital complications. Twenty nine percent of patients were given thrombolytic therapy with a mean door-to-needle time of 1 hour 36 minutes; 33% of patients who were eligible of Streptokinase did not receive it. Cardiac catheterization was performed in 28% patients. Echocardiography and Exercise Tolerance Test, both under utilized, were performed in 67% and 16% of patients, respectively. Two hundred sixteen (70%) patients discharged from hospital were contacted via telephone and the 1-year mortality rate among them was 28%.CONCLUSION: The profile and management of AMI was in coherence with earlier, Western studies. Chest pain units need to be established in the Emergency Room. Patients should be risk stratified prior to discharge. Public awareness regarding primary and secondary prevention and symptoms of AMI needs to be increased

Search for a Signal on QCD Critical Point in Central Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions

We discuss that the QCD critical point could appear in central collisions in percolation cluster. We suggest using the nuclear transparency effect and the one of the light nuclear production to identify the critical point.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (QM2008), Jaipur, India, February 4-10, 200

Crop-based irrigation operations in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. Vol.II: Research approach and interpretation. Final Report

Irrigation management / Crop-based irrigation / Research / Irrigation canals / Water demand / Performance evaluation / Agricultural production / Pakistan / North West Frontier Province

Comparative Analysis of V-Akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 3 (AKT3) Gene between Cow and Buffalo Reveals Substantial Differences for Mastitis

AKT3 gene is a constituent of the serine/threonine protein kinase family and plays a crucial role in synthesis of milk fats and cholesterol by regulating activity of the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP). AKT3 is highly conserved in mammals and its expression levels during the lactation periods of cattle are markedly increased. AKT3 is highly expressed in the intestine followed by mammary gland and it is also expressed in immune cells. It is involved in the TLR pathways as effectively as proinflammatory cytokines. The aims of this study were to investigate the sequences differences between buffalo and cow. Our results showed that there were substantial differences between buffalo and cow in some exons and noteworthy differences of the gene size in different regions. We also identified the important consensus sequence motifs, variation in 2000 upstream of ATG, substantial difference in the “3′UTR” region, and miRNA association in the buffalo sequences compared with the cow. In addition, genetic analyses, such as gene structure, phylogenetic tree, position of different motifs, and functional domains, were performed to establish their correlation with other species. This may indicate that a buffalo breed has potential resistance to disease, environment changes, and airborne microorganisms and some good production and reproductive traits

Catalytic Performance of Calcium-Lanthanum co-doped Ceria (Ce0.85-xLa0.15CaxO2-δ) in Partial Oxidation of Methane

In this study, Ce0.85-xLa0.15CaxO2-δ was synthesized using sol-gel combustion method and appliedfor partial oxidation of methane (POM). The physicochemical properties of catalyst were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Material shows a pure cubical structure and is highly stable up to 850 °C. The performance testing indicated the conversion of CH4 is 65% and selectivity of H2 and CO are 28% and 8%, respectively. The performance indicated the catalyst has a potential to be used for partial oxidation of methane on a larger scale. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).