Apomorphine alters prey-catching patterns in the common toad: behavioral experiments and 14C-2-Deoxyglucose brain mapping studies

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively. - Primärausgabe im Karger-Verlag (www.karger.com/?doi=10.1159/000006625) erschienen

Theoretische Ueberlegungen zur entwicklungspolitischen Professionalitaet und Handlungskompetenz

SIGLEBibliothek Weltwirtschaft Kiel C138613 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Adapted and adaptive properties in neural networks for visual pattern discrimination

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich. - This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively

The rise of governance and the risks of failure:the case of economic development

This article explores the roles of markets, states, and partnerships in economic co‐ordination and considers their respective tendencies to failure. The first section addresses the growing interest in governance and seeks explanations in recent theoretical developments. The second section then asks whether the rise of the governance paradigm might also reflect fundamental shifts in economic, political and social life, such that governance will remain a key issue for a long time, or is a response to more cyclical shifts in modes of co‐ordination. The third section considers the logic of ‘heterarchic governance’ in contrast to anarchic, ex post co‐ordination through market exchange and imperative ex ante co‐ordination through hierarchical forms of organization. It also offers some preliminary reflections on the nature, forms, and logic of ‘governance failure’. The final section addresses the state's increasing role in ‘metagovernance’, that is, in managing the respective roles of these different modes of co‐ordination

The death receptor CD95 activates adult neural stem cells for working memory formation and brain repair.

Adult neurogenesis persists in the subventricular zone and the dentate gyrus and can be induced upon central nervous system injury. However, the final contribution of newborn neurons to neuronal networks is limited. Here we show that in neural stem cells, stimulation of the "death receptor" CD95 does not trigger apoptosis but unexpectedly leads to increased stem cell survival and neuronal specification. These effects are mediated via activation of the Src/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, ultimately leading to a global increase in protein translation. Induction of neurogenesis by CD95 was further confirmed in the ischemic CA1 region, in the naive dentate gyrus, and after forced expression of CD95L in the adult subventricular zone. Lack of hippocampal CD95 resulted in a reduction in neurogenesis and working memory deficits. Following global ischemia, CD95-mediated brain repair rescued behavioral impairment. Thus, we identify the CD95/CD95L system as an instructive signal for ongoing and injury-induced neurogenesis