On-board unit and its possibilities of communications on safety and security principles

The technical solution of on-board unit (OBU) for vehicles used for dangerous good transport and design of vehicle sensor network (based on CAN bus) for dangerous good monitoring will be discussed. In presentation the conception of GSM/GPRS networking subsystem for real time data transmission into monitoring centre will be described. Next themes of discussion will be focused on the possibilities of solution of safety-related communication channel for safety sensor network in accordance with standard for functional safety of Electrical / Electronic / Programmable Electronic (E/E/PE) systems IEC 61508 [4], recommended methods of risk analysis and possibilities of their modelling and proposal of secure communication channel over GSM/GPRS for secure data transmission into control centre on the base of IPsec protocol

Analyses of safety-related message transmission

The analyses were aimed at determination of failure effects in the transmission system, which allow identifying the transition process of the system from a safety state (it may not be necessarily a failure - a free state) to a dangerous state and permit to calculate probability of the dangerous state occurrence of the system as a failure effect to the operating system. Dangerous states of the safety Fieldbus system are mainly caused by systematic failures within a specification of the system, electromagnetic interferences (EMI) and random failures of the HW effects. The effects of electromagnetic interferences and random failures of HW can be described in the paper by the use of time table

Possibilities of industrial Ethernet usage in safety critical applications

Authors describe the possibilities of the industrial Ethernet usage in safety-critical applications as a component of safety-related control systems. The main part of the paper summarizes the safety requirements of industrial Ethernet ProfiNet and Ethernet/IP based on ProfiSafe and CIPSafety safety profiles oriented towards identification of communication errors and recommendations of protective mechanisms which are applied in communication protocols. In the practical part the results of performed cryptanalytic attacks on the wireless communication protocol based on the IEEE 802.11 standard are mentioned

Do Statins Influence the Activity of c-fos Gene Following Transient Forebrain Ischaemia in the Adult Rat Hippocampus?

The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) have been associated with stroke prevention. This stroke prevention appears to occur apart from cholesterol lowering effects. A number of mechanisms have been postulated for this prevention. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of simvastatin on the c-fos gene activity and its relation to delayed neuronal death in CA1 region of hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia in the adult rat hippocampus. A total of 17 male Wistar albino rats were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups: 5 sham-operated animals; 6 ischemised rats without statin pre-treatment and 6 ischemised rats with statin pre-treatment. We used simvastatin at the dose of 20 mg/kg during 14 days prior to the ischemic attack. Fifteen min long transient forebrain ischemia was induced by the four-vessel occlusion. Two and a half h reperfusion was used for the c-Fos activity detection using immunostaining and 72 h reperfusion was used for the determination of neurons surviving using haematoxylin/eosin staining. The average neuronal density in the CA1 region of hippocampus in the sham-operated rats, in ischemised rats without pre-treatment and in ischemised rats with statin pre-treatment was 47.03 ± 3.09/0,025 mm2, 9.05 ± 2.46/0,025 mm2 and 16.45 ± 2.78/025 mm2, respectively. A significant neuroprotective effect was observed in the pre-treated ischemic group (P 2, 28.2 ± 2.053/025 mm2, 30.3 ± 4.816/025 mm2, respectively. A highly significant difference in c-Fos positivity (P P > 0.05). These findings indicate that simvastatin provides protection against CA1 hypoxic neuronal injury, which is independent of c-fos activation. We can conclude that simvastatin neuroprotection may be mediated by multiple mechanisms as can be expected based on its pleiotropic effects