FACIES ARCHITECTURE AND CONTROLS ON RESERVOIR BEHAVIOR IN THE TURONIAN WALL CREEK MEMBER OF THE FRONTIER FORMATION, POWDER RIVER BASIN, WYOMING

Inter-well heterogeneities influencing fluid migration in deltaic reservoirs are controlled by lateral lithofacies changes and vertical complexities such as low permeability thin-beds. Subsurface tools often cannot predict the spatial and stratigraphic organization of these architectural elements, nor their influence on effective reservoir properties and connectivity. This study integrates sedimentological, stratigraphic, and fluid simulation data to 1) document the facies architecture and depositional evolution of the Turonian Wall Creek Member (WCM) of the Frontier Formation, and 2) quantify the role of multi-scale stratigraphic heterogeneity on reservoir behavior. Upscaled permeability properties derived from fluid simulation of nested, small-scale facies models condition the observed architecture within a 500m x 715m geocellular model. Key surfaces recognized across the study area separate the WCM into three depositional sequences, each of which contain multiple parasequences that form the geomodel framework. Sequence 1 consists of a top-truncated package of river-dominated delta lobes, interpreted as highstand deposits (HST1); sequence 2 is made of wave-dominated delta sandstones deposited during subsequent highstand (HST2); sequence 3 consists of heterolithic tidal bar deposits of a tidally-influenced delta (LST). Detailed mapping of the HST1/HST2 show the spatial distribution of intra-parasequence lithofacies is largely controlled by their proximity to high energy conditions above wave-base and near distributary channels. Modelling results show that permeability of the fine-grained component within heterolithic deposits is the most critical parameter in reservoir behavior. In wave-dominated environments, relatively simple bed geometries of thin-beds induce low vertical permeability. Conversely, more architecturally complex tidal deposits maintain better vertical connectivity but limited horizontal permeability. Flow compartmentalization on any scale happens only when thin-beds are assumed to be impermeable barriers; mud drapes with lower clay content act only as flow baffles. Fine-scale heterogeneities carry through as controlling factors in geomodel (500m x715m) reservoir simulations. In the wave-dominated setting, continuous horizons of low vertical permeability facies delineate parasequence-scale flow units. Within individual parasequences, the lithofacies distribution plays an important role on effective permeability pathways and total volume in place. Results from this outcrop-to-geomodel study can be applied to WCM reservoirs in the subsurface and used as guidance to build more accurate geomodels in other basins

Induced action for superconformal higher-spin multiplets using SCFT techniques

Recently, the interacting $\mathcal{N}=1$ superconformal higher-spin theory in four dimensions has been proposed within the induced action approach. In this paper we initiate a program of computing perturbative corrections to the corresponding action and explicitly evaluate all quadratic terms. This is achieved by employing standard techniques from superconformal field theory.Comment: 12 pages; V2: Comments and Appendix A added; V3: Published Versio

Spin projection operators and higher-spin Cotton tensors in three dimensions

We elaborate on the spin projection operators in three dimensions and use them to derive a new representation for the linearised higher-spin Cotton tensors.Comment: 17 pages; V2: references and comments added; V3: typos corrected, reference adde

Establishing and sustaining high-quality services for people with young onset dementia: The perspective of senior service providers and commissioners

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to understand the facilitators to developing and sustaining high-quality services for people with young onset dementia (YOD) and their families/supporters. DESIGN: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with commissioners and service managers, analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. SETTING: A purposive sample of providers was selected from diverse areas and contrasting YOD services. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen senior staff from YOD services and two dementia service commissioners took part. MEASUREMENTS: For commissioners, key interview topics were experiences of commissioning YOD services, perceived facilitators or barriers, and how future guidance should be structured for ease of use. For service providers, key topics explored experiences of delivering YOD services; what was achievable or challenging; how the service was funded; how it linked with broader provision for YOD in the area; and how guidance should be structured. RESULTS: Recorded interviews lasted 30–40 minutes. Seven key facilitators to the development and sustaining of YOD services were identified: having knowledgeable, committed local champions; involvement of people living with YOD and family supporters; initial delivery within existing resources; partnership working within and between sectors; having a reflective, supportive organizational culture; gathering evidence of impact; and having wider support and guidance. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in provision for those with YOD and their families need to be built on understanding of service-level and interpersonal influences as well as on understanding of YOD itself. Our findings highlight a set of facilitators which need to be in place to establish and sustain high-quality YOD services that fit the local context

Living with young onset dementia and actively shaping dementia research - The Angela Project

Younger people living with dementia have been actively engaged in challenging society’s attitude to dementia. Despite their increased visibility though, there are substantial obstacles for younger people living with dementia in receiving a timely and accurate diagnosis and gaining access to appropriate support. Keith Oliver has been an active member of the Patient and Public Involvement Forum for the Angela Project, an Alzheimer’s Society funded project aimed at improving accuracy of diagnosis and post-diagnostic support for younger people living with dementia. In this article, Keith shares his experience of receiving a diagnosis of dementia and how he has since been involved in research projects, highlighting the benefits of Patient and Public Involvement for both the person living with dementia, as well as for the research group. Keith concludes by encouraging better Patient and Public Involvement practice in all projects, emphasising the benefits to all those involved in research

Helpful post-diagnostic services for young onset dementia: Findings and recommendations from the Angela project

There is a significant lack of evidence regarding optimum models for service provision in young onset dementia (YOD). Our study aim was to gather detailed information about services experienced as helpful by those with YOD and family carers. The objective was to identify the core features of these services to inform service design, delivery and improvements. A qualitative approach based on appreciative inquiry was used, posing open-ended questions about services experienced as helpful, as part of a national UK survey of people with YOD and carers. We used inductive thematic analysis to analyse the free-text responses. The resulting template was used as a basis for analysis of in-depth follow-up interviews, conducted to acquire greater in-depth understanding. Two hundred and thirty-three survey respondents provided 856 examples of helpful support. Twenty-four follow-up interviews were conducted (two with dyads, so 26 participants in total: 8 with people with YOD, 14 with carers, 2 with dyads). Twelve themes capturing the features of helpful services were clustered into three super-ordinate themes. 'Person-centredness' reflects micro levels of person-professional interaction (positive attitude, flexibility, collaborative, user-friendly materials, and in-person). 'Functional consistency' captures the meso level, demonstrating that services were helpful when organised consistently with needs (age-appropriate, holistic, responsive, and accessible). 'Organisational coherence', at the macro level, emphasises the need for service integration, specialist services and service continuity. Key conclusions are that the needs for flexibility and a collaborative stance may be particularly important for those under 65 years with dementia, who have full lives and are used to being in control; to be age-appropriate, helpful services need to provide activities and opportunities suitable for active middle-aged people; and to be holistic, services need to provide for needs associated with rare dementias and be family-centred. Specialist services need to be commissioned and arrangements need to be stable over time to enable continuity

Services for people with young onset dementia: The 'Angela' project national UK survey of service use and satisfaction

Objectives: Young onset dementia is associated with distinctive support needs but existing research on service provision has been largely small scale and qualitative. Our objective was to explore service use, cost and satisfaction across the UK. Methods: Information about socio‐demographic characteristics, service use and satisfaction were gathered from people with young onset dementia (YOD) and/or a family member/supporter via a national survey. Results: Two hundred and thirty‐three responses were analysed. Diagnosis was most commonly received through a Memory Clinic or Neurology. The type of service delivering diagnosis impacted on post‐diagnostic care. Those diagnosed in specialist YOD services were more likely to receive support within the first 6 weeks and receive ongoing care in the service where they were diagnosed. Ongoing care management arrangements varied but generally care was lacking. Around 42% reported no follow‐up during 6‐weeks after diagnosis; over a third reported seeing no health professional within the previous 3 months; just over a third had a key worker and just under a third had a care plan. Satisfaction and quality of care were highest in specialist services. Almost 60% of family members spent over 5 h per day caring; median costs of health and social care, 3 months, 2018, were £394 (interquartile range £389 to 640). Conclusions: Variation across diagnostic and post‐diagnostic care pathways for YOD leads to disparate experiences, with specialist young onset services being associated with better continuity, quality and satisfaction. More specialist services are needed so all with YOD can access age‐appropriate care

Face-to-face: Social work and evil

The concept of evil continues to feature in public discourses and has been reinvigorated in some academic disciplines and caring professions. This article navigates social workers through the controversy surrounding evil so that they are better equipped to acknowledge, reframe or repudiate attributions of evil in respect of themselves, their service users or the societal contexts impinging upon both. A tour of the landscape of evil brings us face-to-face with moral, administrative, societal and metaphysical evils, although it terminates in an exhortation to cultivate a more metaphorical language. The implications for social work ethics, practice and education are also discussed