159 research outputs found
On the formation of Hubble flow in Little Bangs
A dynamical appearance of scaling solutions in the relativistic hydrodynamics
applied to describe ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions is studied. We
consider the boost-invariant cylindrically symmetric systems and the effects of
the phase transition are taken into account by using a temperature dependent
sound velocity inferred from the lattice simulations of QCD. We find that the
transverse flow acquires the scaling form r/t within the short evolution times,
10 - 15 fm, only if the initial transverse flow originating from the
pre-equilibrium collective behavior is present at the initial stage of the
hydrodynamic evolution. The amount of such pre-equilibrium flow is correlated
with the initial pressure gradient; larger gradients require smaller initial
flow. The results of the numerical calculations support the phenomenological
parameterizations used in the Blast-Wave, Buda-Lund, and Cracow models of the
freeze-out process.Comment: 11 page
A method of eta' decay product selection to study partial chiral symmetry restoration
In case of chiral U_A(1) symmetry restoration the mass of the eta' boson (the
ninth, would-be Goldstone boson) is decreased, thus its production cross
section is heavily enhanced. The eta' decays (through one of its decay
channels) into five pions. These pions will not be correlated in terms of
Bose-Einsten correlations, thus the production enhancement changes the strength
of two-pion correlation functions at low momentum. Preliminary results strongly
support the mass decrease of the eta' boson. In this paper we propose a method
to select pions coming from eta' decays. We investigate the efficiency of the
proposed kinematical cut in several collision systems and energies with several
simulators. We prove that our method can be used in all investigeted collision
systems.Comment: Talk at the VI Workshop on Particle Correlations and Femtoscopy,
Kiev, September 14-18, 2010. 6 pages, 3 figures. This work was supported by
the OTKA grant NK73143 and M. Csanad's Bolyai scholarshi
Review of HBT or Bose-Einstein correlations in high energy heavy ion collisions
A brief review is given on the discovery and the first five decades of the
Hanbury Brown - Twiss effect and its generalized applications in high energy
nuclear and particle physics, that includes a meta-review. Interesting and
inspiring new directions are also highlighted, including for example source
imaging, lepton and photon interferometry, non-Gaussian shape analysis as well
as many other new directions. Existing models are compared to two-particle
correlation measurements and the so-called RHIC HBT puzzle is resolved.
Evidence for a (directional) Hubble flow is presented and the conclusion is
confirmed by a successful description of the pseudorapidity dependence of the
elliptic flow as measured in Au+Au collisions by the PHOBOS Collaboration.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure, 8 sub-figures, invited plenary talk at the
ICPA-QGP 2005 conference in Kolkata, Indi
Bose-Einstein correlations: a study of an invariance group
A group of transformations changing the phases of the single particle density
matrix, but leaving unchanged the predictions for identical particles
concerning the momentum distributions, momentum correlations etc., is
identified. Its implications for the determinations of the interaction region
from studies of Bose-Einstein correlations are discussed.Comment: 15 pages LateX + one figure ep
Quantum-Statistical Correlations and Single Particle Distributions for Slowly Expanding Systems with Temperature Profile
Competition among particle evaporation, temperature gradient and flow is
investigated in a phenomenological manner, based on a simultaneous analysis of
quantum statistical correlations and momentum distributions for a
non-relativistic, spherically symmetric, three-dimensionally expanding, finite
source. The parameters of the model emission function are constrained by fits
to neutron and proton momentum distributions and correlation functions in
intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions. The temperature gradient is related
to the momentum dependence of the radius parameters of the two-particle
correlation function, as well as to the momentum-dependent temperature
parameter of the single particle spectrum, while a long duration of particle
evaporation is found to be responsible for the low relative momentum behavior
of the two-particle correlations.Comment: 20 pages + 5 ps figures, ReVTeX, uses psfig.sty, the description is
extended to include final state interactions, phenomenological evaporation
and to fit intermediate energy heavy ion proton and neutron spectrum and
correlation dat
Initial temperature and EoS of quark matter from direct photons
The time evolution of the quark gluon plasma created in gold-gold collisions
of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) can be described by
hydrodynamical models. Distribution of hadrons reflects the freeze-out state of
the matter. To investigate the time evolution one needs to analyze penetrating
probes, such as direct photon spectra. Distributions of low energy photons was
published in 2010 by PHENIX. In this paper we analyze a 3+1 dimensional
solution of relativistic hydrodynamics and calculate momentum distribution of
direct photons. Using earlier fits of this model to hadronic spectra, we
compare photon calculations to measurements and find that the initial
temperature of the center of the fireball is at least 519+-12 MeV, while for
the equation of state we get c_s= 0.36+-0.02.Comment: Talk at the VI Workshop on Particle Correlations and Femtoscopy,
Kiev, September 14-18, 2010. 6 pages, 1 figure. This work was supported by
the OTKA grant NK73143 and M. Csanad's Bolyai scholarshi
Femtoscopic results in Au+Au and p+p from PHENIX at RHIC
Ultra-relativistic gold-gold and proton-proton collisions are investigated in
the experiments of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). In the last
several years large amount of results were revealed about the matter created in
these collisions. The latest PHENIX results for femtoscopy and correlations are
reviewed in this paper. Bose-Einstein correlations of charged kaons in 200 GeV
Au+Au collisions and of charged pions in 200 GeV p+p collisions are shown. They
are both compatible with previous measurements of charged pions in gold-gold
collisions, with respect to transverse mass or number of participants scaling.Comment: Talk given at the VI Workshop on Particle Correlations and
Femtoscopy, Kiev, September 14-18, 2010. 6 pages, 4 figures. This work was
supported by the OTKA grant NK73143 and M. Csanad's Bolyai scholarshi
Emission times and opacities from interferometry in non-central Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
The nuclear overlap zone in non-central relativistic heavy ion collisions is
azimuthally very asymmetric. By varying the angle between the axes of
deformation and the transverse direction of the pair momenta, the transverse
HBT radii oscillate in a characteristic way. It is shown that these
oscillations allow determination of source sizes, deformations as well as the
opacity and duration of emission of the source created in any non-central high
energy nuclear collisions. The behavior of the physical quantities with
centrality of the collisions is discussed --- in particular changes caused by a
possible phase transition to a quark-gluon plasma.Comment: Revised version, to appear in Phys. Rev. Letter
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