97 research outputs found
Pressure-induced lattice instabilities and superconductivity in YBa2Cu4O8 and optimally doped YBa2Cu3O7-{\delta}
Combined synchrotron angle-dispersive powder diffraction and micro-Raman
spectroscopy are used to investigate the pressure-induced lattice instabilities
that are accompanied by T anomalies in YBaCuO, in comparison with the optimally doped YBaCuO and the non-superconducting PrBaCuO. In the first two superconducting systems there is a clear
anomaly in the evolution of the lattice parameters and an increase of lattice
disorder with pressure, that starts at as well as
irreversibility that induces a hysteresis. On the contrary, in the Pr-compound
the lattice parameters follow very well the expected equation of state (EOS) up
to 7 GPa. In complete agreement with the structural data, the micro-Raman data
of the superconducting compounds show that the energy and width of the A phonons show anomalies at the same pressure range where the lattice
parameters deviate from the EOS and the average Cu2-O bond length
exhibits a strong contraction and correlate with the non-linear pressure
dependence of T. This is not the case for the non superconducting Pr
sample, clearly indicating a connection with the charge carriers. It appears
that the cuprates close to optimal doping are at the edge of lattice
instability.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure
Local lattice distortions vs. structural phase transition in NdFeAsO1-xFx
The lattice properties at low temperatures of two samples of NdFeAsO1-xFx
(x=0.05 and 0.25) have been examined in order to investigate possible
structural phase transition that may occur in the optimally doped
superconducting sample with respect to the non-superconducting low-F
concentration compound. In order to detect small modifications in the ion
displacements with temperature micro-Raman and high resolution synchrotron
powder diffraction measurements were carried out. No increase of the width of
the (220) or (322) tetragonal diffraction peaks and microstrains could be found
in the superconducting sample from synchrotron XRD measurements. On the other
hand, the atomic displacement parameters deviate from the expected behavior, in
agreement with modifications in the phonon width, as obtained by Raman
scattering. These deviations occur around 150 K for both F dopings, with
distinct differences among the two compounds, i.e., they decrease at low doping
and increase for the superconducting sample. The data do not support a hidden
phase transition to an orthorhombic phase in the superconducting compound, but
point to an isostructural lattice deformation. Based on the absence of magnetic
effects in this temperature range for the superconducting sample, we attribute
the observed lattice anomalies to the formation of local lattice distortions
that, being screened by the carriers, can only acquire long-range coherence by
means of a structural phase transition at low doping levels
Lattice anomalies in the FeAs tetrahedra of the NdFeAsO superconductor that disappear at T
High resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (SXRPD) was used to
study the temperature dependence of the oxygen deficient NdFeAsO
superconducting compound. By employing a dense temperature sampling we have
managed to reveal unnoticed structural modifications that start around
180K, and disappear at the transition temperature. The data show minor
changes of the structural characteristics in the Nd-O charge reservoir layer
while in the superconducting Fe-As layer the FeAs tetrahedron shows
gradual modifications below 180K, which suddenly disappear at T
strongly indicating a connection with superconductivity.Comment: 4 pages, 1 table, 5 figure
Reply to comment on: “Local lattice distortions vs. structural phase transition in NdFeAsO1-xFx”
M. Calamiotou and E. Liarokapis discuss the reply of researchers on the comment on a research study entitled �Local lattice distortions vs. structural phase transition in NdFeAsO1-xFx�. The NdFeAsO1-xFx system is studied using high reso- lution synchrotron powder diffraction (SXRPD) to investigate the possible structural phase transition that may occur in the optimally doped superconducting sample. Two F concentrations have been examined and the results have been compared with those from micro-Raman measurements concerning the phonon widths. The main conclusion of this study is that a precursor local lattice instability occurs in the NdFeAsO1-xFx sys tem around 150 K for both F dopings
X-ray analysis of pigments from Pella, Greece
Samples of pigments from a wall-painting of a house of the first Pompeian style (400 Bc–168 BC) found in Pella, Greece, were analyzed by the non-destructive methods of X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. Red pigments were identified as cinnabar and iron oxide pigments (haematite and goethite). Blue was the well-known Egyptian blue and yellow was identified as goethite. A characteristic feature of the wall-painting was the presenceof green earth, i.e. celadonite and glauconite, encountered for the first time in this series of investigations. © 1983 Maney publishing
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