Results regarding compatibility of some plum cultivars grafted on different rootstocks

In Romania, the most used plum rootstock, ‘Mirobalan’ does not any problems in terms of graft compatibility and that is why it is widely used. However, it was found that this generative rootstock has low compatibility with the ‘Tuleu gras’ cv. and with all the plum cultivars obtained from it. In this paper, we study the degree of compatibility of 5 plum cultivars (‘Andreea’, ‘Pitestean’, ‘Romanța’, ‘Čačanska Lepotiča’, ‘Jojo’) with 7 Romanian rootstocks (‘Adaptabil’, ‘Mirobolan dwarf’, ‘Mirodad 1’, ‘Mirodad 2’, ‘Redutabil’, ‘BN-4Kr’ and ‘B 83/8’). The evaluation of graft compatibility of these cultivar-rootstock combinations was made through two indices: morphological thickness index of the grafting area (IMÎZA - as a result of the ratio between the surfaces section of the scion, rootstock and grafting union) and anatomical similarity index of the symbionts (IMAAtS) calculated based on the number and diameter of the woody vessels in the scion, rootstock and graft union. Following the measurements, very significant results were obtained, which can explain the degree of affinity between cultivars and rootstocks. The morphological thickness index of the grafting area had values above 0.300, which indicates good and very good graft compatibility in most of the cultivar-rootstock combinations studied, with the exception of the association with ‘Redutabil’ rootstock which have values below 0.300, and the thickness differences between scion, rootstock and graft union were very large, indicating a low level of compatibility between the cultivars studied and this rootstock. The anatomical similarity index of the symbionts had values close to 1, indicating good and very good compatibility. The exception was the combinations of cultivars with the ‘Redutabil’ rootstock, the anatomical similarity index of the symbionts having values below

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Computer aided instruction on digital communication systems (DIGICOM)

In this thesis, the group made used of Moodle, a Course Management System, developed by Martin Dougiamas to serve as the platform for the Computer-Aided Instruction for Digital Communication Systems (DIGICOM). This thesis aims to help the students in the topics in DIGICOM that requires thorough understanding and imagination like Digital Modulation, Source Encoding, as well as Fiber Optic Systems. This thesis is composed of five chapters, each having their own End of Chapter tests. Three quizzes are provided which are accessible after viewing the required chapters. Each chapter and quizzes requires a password in order for the student to access them. Some of the simulations are implemented in Java by the use of the program Netbeans. All animations are created using Macromedia Flash 8 Professional. All images are created by the group

Overview of plum breeding in Europe

International audienceIn Europe, the plum is one of the main fruit species, occupying an area of about 500,000 ha and ensuring production of about 3,000 million tones. The important countries regarding to plums (Serbia, Romania, Italy, Germany, Bulgaria etc.) recorded declines of production due mainly to viral diseases which destroyed the orchards and impaired the fruit quality. Therefore, these countries developed extensive breeding programs with the common objectives (productivity, fruit quality and resistance / tolerance to PPV) and specific objectives (late blooming, self-fertility, short growing period, different ripening times, spur fructification, resistance to diseases and frost). In the last 20 years 170 plum cultivars from these programs were released (Romania 38 cvs., Germany 28 cvs., Belarus 15 cvs., Serbia 14 cvs., Italy 13 cvs., Sweden 12 cvs., Bulgaria 11 cvs., Republic of Moldova 10 cvs., Latvia 9 cvs., France 6 cvs., United Kingdom 3 cvs., Czech Republic 3 cvs. and Norway 1 cv.)