દક્ષિણ ગુજરાતના ઘોડિયા જાતિનાં સંસ્કારગીતોઃ એક અધ્યયન

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Fishing in Neithal Thinai during the Sangam Age

The land where the sea also belongs to the sea is called Neithal land. Tolkappiyam calls it 'Perumanal Ulagam'. The largest resource here is the ocean. Fishing is one of the oldest occupations in the world. It is described by anthropologists as an industry that developed in tandem with human civilization. That is, at the time of man's creation, along with the fruits and fruits available in the forests and mountains, he also caught fishes in the water bodies and made them food. In course of time, he took up fishing in the sea to meet his food needs. Accordingly, the main occupations of the Neithal community are fishing and fishing implements

Effect of losartan and amlodipine on insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic hypertensive patients

Background: Hypertensive patients show higher insulin levels than normotensive controls. Hypertension is linked to impaired glucose tolerance and resistance to the action of insulin. Untreated hypertensive patients are at risk of developing new onset diabetes mellitus. Different antihypertensive drugs affect the insulin sensitivity distinctly. Few studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of losartan, an angiotensin receptor blocker on the glucose insulin metabolism, but other studies have failed to demonstrate the insulin resistance lowering effect of losartan. Amlodipine, a long acting calcium channel blocker is considered to have neutral effects on the glucose-insulin metabolism.Methods: In a prospective, open-label, parallel group study, non-diabetic patients with mild to moderate hypertension were randomized to either losartan (titrated from 50 to 100 mg /day, n=20) or amlodipine (titrated from 5 to 10 mg/ day, n=20) for period of 24 weeks. At baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) apart from lipid parameters, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures levels were determined.Results: Intragroup comparison shows that both losartan and amlodipine significantly reduced the HOMA-IR index (P < 0.05, 24 weeks vs. baseline). Losartan reduced HOMA-IR more than amlodipine but this reduction was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Losartan and amlodipine lowered insulin resistance in patients of mild to moderate hypertension

Sleep and Wellness in Residency—Embracing the Shift

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Flutter analysis of laminated composite structures using Carrera Unified Formulation

In present work, the flutter analysis of laminated composite structures has been performed using the p-k method in Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF). In the framework of CUF, a hierarchical kinematic finite element model is used to compute the flutter condition of laminated composite plate and box-beam structures as it is very accurate and computationally efficient. The CUF refined theories are based on the Lagrange and Taylor-like cross-sectional displacement fields. In CUF, the order of the expansion can be chosen arbitrary, which is an independent parameter in the formulation. The governing equation is based on the principle of virtual displacement and defined in the form of "fundamental nuclei" using CUF. Theodorsen theory was used to define the aerodynamics loading conditions and the p-k method was used to compute the flutter conditions. Flutter conditions of different types of laminated composite structures with Lagrange and Taylor expansion were performed. A similar model was developed in MSC-Nastran and computed results were compared with literature and CUF model. The results indicate that the analyzed model has good agreement with reference and MSC-Nastran. The study suggests that the CUF models can produce accurate results with a low computational cost

A Review on Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare: Why, How, and When?

Artificial intelligence (AI) models are increasingly finding applications in the field of medicine. Concerns have been raised about the explainability of the decisions that are made by these AI models. In this article, we give a systematic analysis of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), with a primary focus on models that are currently being used in the field of healthcare. The literature search is conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) standards for relevant work published from 1 January 2012 to 02 February 2022. The review analyzes the prevailing trends in XAI and lays out the major directions in which research is headed. We investigate the why, how, and when of the uses of these XAI models and their implications. We present a comprehensive examination of XAI methodologies as well as an explanation of how a trustworthy AI can be derived from describing AI models for healthcare fields. The discussion of this work will contribute to the formalization of the XAI field.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligenc

Clinical and bacteriological correlates of whole blood interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in newly detected cases of pulmonary TB

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the relationship of the capacity to produce interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in whole blood, bacteriological, hematological, radiographic and clinical presentations in new, HIV seronegative cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).Methods80 cases and 50 control subjects aged 15 years onwards, representative of Kasturba Hospital and Nursing schools of Wardha district of Maharashtra state in India were examined for their health condition with standard methodology.ResultsAmong these TB patients, 73.8% were Quantiferon-TB gold (QFT) positive with IFN-γ concentration as 0.35 IU or more and there was none in healthy controls. The mean IFN-γ concentrations varied between 9.58 IU (50-59 yrs) and 2.58 IU (⩾60 yrs), showing no trend. The differences in positivity and mean IFN-γconcentrations were statistically insignificant. Both the QFT positivity and IFN-γconcentrations were higher in normal lymphocyte percent as compared to below and above normal, but differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionsThe IFN-γconcentrations are not correlated with any of the predictors of disease severity studied, the levels are significantly higher in observation group as compared to healthy group