Improving Health Literacy

Research conducted over the past 15 years has begun to unmask the previously hidden issue of illiteracy and its widespread impact on the health and well being of Americans. The effects of limited health literacy are far -reaching and have been linked to poor quality care, health disparities and overall poor health outcomes. It is now widely recognized that literacy issues are difficult to identify. Many of those who struggle with limited literacy skills choose not to disclose their difficulties. Therefore, their battles most often go undetected by the health care community. Because of this some advocate literacy screening in the health care setting so that clearer communication can be assured. However, despite its importance, screening alone is not likely to be sufficient. Instead a more universal approach fostering more effective communication strategies for all may be the more appropriate course of action.Master of Public Healt

Como manejar dados de crescimento de bovinos para uso no melhoramento genético.

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My heart is racing! Psychophysiological dynamics of skilled racecar drivers

Our purpose was to test the multi-action plan (MAP) model assumptions in which athletes’ psychophysiological patterns differ among optimal and suboptimal performance experiences. Nine professional drivers competing in premier race categories (e.g., Formula 3, Porsche GT3 Cup Challenge) completed the study. Data collection involved monitoring the drivers’ perceived hedonic tone, accuracy on core components of action, posture, skin temperature, respiration rate, and heart rate responses during a 40-lap simulated race. Time marks, gathered at three standardized sectors, served as the performance variable. The A1GP racing simulator (Allinsport, Modena) established a realistic race platform. Specifically, the Barcelona track was chosen due to its inherently difficult nature characterized by intermittent deceleration points. Idiosyncratic analyses showed large individual differences in the drivers’ psychophysiological profile, as well as distinct patterns in regards to optimal and suboptimal performance experiences. Limitations and future research avenues are discussed. Action (e.g., attentional control) and emotion (e.g., biofeedback training) centered applied sport psychology implications are advanced

Avaliação da Harmonia Facial em Relação às Proporções Divinas de Fibonacci

ResumoDe acordo com alguns autores, as faces consideradas belas apresentam-se em Proporção Divina, ou seja, na relação de 1:0,618. Esta pesquisa investiga se essa proporção manifesta-se nas faces de pessoas selecionadas por avaliadores, utilizando, para tal, o critério de beleza. A amostra inicial foi composta por 104 pessoas, previamente selecionadas e separadas em grupos M (masculino) e F (feminino), sendo realizados, de cada participante, dois registros fotográficos (A e B). A partir do registro fotográfico A, obtiveram-se fotografias (frontal e lateral), que foram submetidas ao exame por um grupo de avaliadores. De posse dos valores atribuídos, foram identificados os sujeitos que comporiam a amostra final, assim constituída: subgrupos M1 e F1 (10 pessoas com valor numérico maior) e M2 e F2 (10 pessoas com valor numérico menor), totalizando uma amostra final de 80 fotografias (frontais e laterais) a partir do registro fotográfico B. Prosseguiuse com a análise facial propriamente dita. Os dados obtidos foram comparados com a Proporção Divina, observando-a em apenas duas das proporções avaliadas. Assim, pode-se afirmar que a Proporção Divina não está associada à percepção da beleza no contexto desta pesquisa.AbstractIn agreement with some researched authors the beautiful faces are in divine proportion or 1:0,618. The present study was developed with the intention of investigating if the people selected by appraisers using the criterion of facial beauty shows the divine proportion. The initial sample was obtained starting from 104 people selected previously and separate in groups M (male) and F (female) being accomplished two photographic registrations of each participant (A and B). Starting from the photographic registration A was obtained pictures (frontal and lateral) which underwent the evaluation for a group of appraisers. With the rates attributed by the appraisers was identified the subjects that would compose the final sample constituted like this: subgroups M1 and F1 (10 people with larger numeric rate) and M2 and F2 (10 people with smaller numeric rate) totaling a final sample of 80 pictures (frontal and lateral) starting from the photographic registration B. Proceeding with the facial analyses. The obtained data were compared with the divine proportion and only in two proportions happened identification with these rates. Like this would be affirmed that the divine proportion is not associated to the perception of the beauty in the context of this research

Cross-species chromosome painting tracks the independent origin of multiple sex chromosomes in two cofamiliar Erythrinidae fishes

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The Erythrinidae fish family is characterized by a large variation with respect to diploid chromosome numbers and sex-determining systems among its species, including two multiple X₁X₂Y sex systems in <it>Hoplias malabaricus </it>and <it>Erythrinus erythrinus</it>. At first, the occurrence of a same sex chromosome system within a family suggests that the sex chromosomes are correlated and originated from ancestral XY chromosomes that were either homomorphic or at an early stage of differentiation. To identify the origin and evolution of these X₁X₂Y sex chromosomes, we performed reciprocal cross-species FISH experiments with two sex-chromosome-specific probes designed from microdissected X₁and Y chromosomes of <it>H. malabaricus </it>and <it>E. erythrinus</it>, respectively.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our results yield valuable information regarding the origin and evolution of these sex chromosome systems. Our data indicate that these sex chromosomes evolved independently in these two closed related Erythrinidae species. Different autosomes were first converted into a poorly differentiated XY sex pair in each species, and additional chromosomal rearrangements produced both X₁X₂Y sex systems that are currently present.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our data provide new insights into the origin and evolution of sex chromosomes, which increases our knowledge about fish sex chromosome evolution.</p