147 research outputs found
Angular rigidity in tetrahedral network glasses
A set of oxide and chalcogenide tetrahedral glasses are investigated using
molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that unlike stoichiometric
selenides such as GeSe and SiSe, germania and silica display large
standard deviations in the associated bond angle distributions. Within
bond-bending constraints theory, this pattern can be interpreted as a
manifestation of {\it {broken}} (i.e. ineffective) oxygen bond-bending
constraints. The same analysis reveals that the changes in the Ge composition
affects mostly bending around germanium in binary Ge-Se systems, leaving
Se-centred bending almost unchanged. In contrast, the corresponding Se twisting
(quantified by the dihedral angle) depends on the Ge composition and is reduced
when the system becomes rigid. Our results establishes the atomic-scale
foundations of the phenomelogical rigidity theory, thereby profoundly extending
its significance and impact on the structural description of network glasses.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Viscosity and viscosity anomalies of model silicates and magmas: a numerical investigation
We present results for transport properties (diffusion and viscosity) using
computer simulations. Focus is made on a densified binary sodium disilicate
2SiO-NaO (NS2) liquid and on multicomponent magmatic liquids (MORB,
basalt). In the NS2 liquid, results show that a certain number of anomalies
appear when the system is densified: the usual diffusivity maxima/minima is
found for the network-forming ions (Si,O) whereas the sodium atom displays
three distinct r\'egimes for diffusion. Some of these features can be
correlated with the obtained viscosity anomaly under pressure, the latter being
be fairly well reproduced from the simulated diffusion constant. In model
magmas (MORB liquid), we find a plateau followed by a continuous increase of
the viscosity with pressure. Finally, having computed both diffusion and
viscosity independently, we can discuss the validity of the Eyring equation for
viscosity which relates diffusion and viscosity. It is shown that it can be
considered as valid in melts with a high viscosity. On the overall, these
results highlight the difficulty of establishing a firm relationship between
dynamics, structure and thermodynamics in complex liquids.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
Predicting the dissolution kinetics of silicate glasses using machine learning
Predicting the dissolution rates of silicate glasses in aqueous conditions is
a complex task as the underlying mechanism(s) remain poorly understood and the
dissolution kinetics can depend on a large number of intrinsic and extrinsic
factors. Here, we assess the potential of data-driven models based on machine
learning to predict the dissolution rates of various aluminosilicate glasses
exposed to a wide range of solution pH values, from acidic to caustic
conditions. Four classes of machine learning methods are investigated, namely,
linear regression, support vector machine regression, random forest, and
artificial neural network. We observe that, although linear methods all fail to
describe the dissolution kinetics, the artificial neural network approach
offers excellent predictions, thanks to its inherent ability to handle
non-linear data. Overall, we suggest that a more extensive use of machine
learning approaches could significantly accelerate the design of novel glasses
with tailored properties
Structural, vibrational and thermal properties of densified silicates : insights from Molecular Dynamics
Structural, vibrational and thermal properties of densified sodium silicate
(NS2) are investigated with classical molecular dynamics simulations of the
glass and the liquid state. A systematic investigation of the glass structure
with respect to density was performed. We observe a repolymerization of the
network manifested by a transition from a tetrahedral to an octahedral silicon
environment, the decrease of the amount of non-bridging oxygen atoms and the
appearance of three-fold coordinated oxygen atoms (triclusters). Anomalous
changes in the medium range order are observed, the first sharp diffraction
peak showing a minimum of its full-width at half maximum according to density.
The previously reported vibrational trends in densified glasses are observed,
such as the shift of the Boson peak intensity to higher frequencies and the
decrease of its intensity. Finally, we show that the thermal behavior of the
liquid can be reproduced by the Birch-Murnaghan equation of states, thus
allowing us to compute the isothermal compressibility
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