Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of phosphorus recovery with different generations of the AirPrex® systems

Phosphorus (P) recovery through struvite is already both technically and economically feasible. This has been proved by more than 40 large-scale plants worldwide. However, when designing and implementing these P-recovery technologies, the environmental effects need to be considered. Therefore, a comparative environmental life cycle assessment of phosphorus recovery with different generations of the AirPrex® reactors at WWTP Wassmannsdorf and Amsterdam West was carried out in this study. Results show that both AirPrex® configurations with 1 reactor and 3 reactor have positive energy benefits and better environmental credits for the global warming potential (GWP), freshwater eutrophication potential, and marine eutrophication potential. The 3-reactor configuration shows better results in cumulative energy demand with 35% improvement of energy surplus, 36% reduction of GWP and less eutrophication potential. These improvements are mainly due to optimized struvite precipitation and harvesting and show that technology can be developed further, especially in plant operation and not only in the laboratory or pilot plant.EC/FP7/308645/EU/Sustainable sewage sludge management fostering phosphorus recovery and energy efficiency/P-RE

Leistungsfaehigkeit und Kosten von Filtern in der kommunalen Abwasserreinigung

Available from TIB Hannover: ZA 5140(97)+a+b / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Study on the Impacts of Peaking Factors on a Water Distribution System in Germany

This paper aims to explore the impacts of peaking factors on a water distribution system designed for a small city in Germany through model-based analysis. As a case study, the water distribution network was modelled by EPANET and then two specific studies were carried out. The first study tested corresponding system-wide influences on water age and energy consumption if the peaking factors used at design stage are inconsistent with ones in real situation. The second study inspected the possible relationship between the choice of peaking factors and budgets by comparing several different pipe configurations of the distribution system, obtained according to variety of peaking factors. Given the analysis results, the first study reveals that average water age will increase if peaking factors estimated at design stage are larger than real values in that specific system, and vice versa. In contrast, energy consumption will increase if peaking factors defined for system design are smaller than ones in real case, and vice versa. According to the second study, it might be possible to amplify peaking factors for design dramatically by a slight increase in the investment on this system. However, further study on budget estimation with more factors and detailed information considered should be carried out

The Assessment of Climate Variables and Geographical Distribution on Residential Drinking Water Demand in Ethiopia

Water managers have increasingly shown that demand management solutions are more important than searching for alternative sources to resolve the challenges and shortages of water supply services. This study identifies the impact of climate variables on residential water demand in three geographically and spatially dispersed towns (Arba Minch, Ziway, and Debre Birhan) in Ethiopia. Monthly mean temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation are analyzed using multivariate regression models to identify and evaluate the impacts of the parameters on water consumption. Principal component analysis (PCA) is also used to determine the dominant independent variable affecting the rate of water consumption. Mean temperature is shown to be the dominant variable causing the changes in water consumption in Arba Minch. The water consumption at Debre Birhan is slightly affected by relative humidity. Analyzed climate variables do not affect the water consumption changes at Ziway. The main findings of this paper show that geographical distribution and other determinants are more important determinants of residential water demand. It is concluded that the analyzed climate variables are not the dominant determinants which impact drinking water consumption at the study sites. Thus, it is recommended to include relevant information about the climate variables alongside other determinants in order to enhance the water management system in evaluating and auditing water usage

Entwicklung von Steuerungskonzepten fuer Klaeranlagen zur biologischen Naehrstoffelimination (Stickstoff und Phosphor)

Es werden Steuerungskonzepte und Regelungskonzepte fuer den biologischen Stickstoffabbau und Phosphorabbau entwickelt. Mit Hilfe dieser Techniken sollen die Ablaufkonzentrationen von Stickstoff und Phosphor bei einer biologischen Abwasserreinigung stabilisiert und verbessert werden. Es wird untersucht, inwieweit geeignete Konzepte der Regelung des Frachtenausgleichs, des Sauerstoffeintrags, der Flexibilisierung der Bechkenvolumina und zum Einsatz von externen Kohlenstoffquellen einen stabilen und wirtschaftlichen Betrieb ermoeglichen. (SR)Control concepts and regulation concepts for the reduction of the biological nitrogen and phosphorus are developed. With the aid of these techniques, the outgoing concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in biological waste water should be stabilised and improved. There is an examination of to what extent suitable concepts for the regulation of freight compensation, incoming oxygen, flexibility of the volume and the use of external carbon sources make stable and economic operation possible. (SR)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F95B1348+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman