92 research outputs found
Les enzymes antioxydantes circulantes comme marqueurs d'effet chez les mineurs de charbon
L'inhalation chronique de poussiĂšres de charbon entraĂźne une migration des cellules inflammatoires dans l'espace alvĂ©olaire. La phagocytose des particules inhalĂ©es est suivie par une activation des macrophages et des neutrophiles, appelĂ©e " explosion oxydante ". Les cellules inflammatoires libĂšrent alors des protĂ©ases, des mĂ©diateurs de l'inflammation et des EspĂšces ActivĂ©es de l'OxygĂšne (EAO). Les EAO sont des molĂ©cules dĂ©rivĂ©es de l'oxygĂšne, ayant une durĂ©e de vie courte mais une extrĂȘme rĂ©activitĂ©. Elles s'attaquent aux membranes des cellules, aux protĂ©ines, Ă l'ADN et sont impliquĂ©es dans le dĂ©veloppement de nombreuses pathologies telles que la cataracte et le cancer
Facteurs influençant l'apparition précoce d'une pneumoconiose chez le mineur de charbon
National audienceL'incidence de la pneumonoconiose a diminue continuellement parmi les mineurs des houilleres pendant les 30 dernieres annees. Actuellement la plupart des cas sont diagnostiques chez les retraites en moyenne vers l'age de 56 ans. Dans ce contexte l'apparition precoce d'une pneumoconiose est un important probleme de sante au travail
Adults with spontaneous aerobic Gram-negative bacillary meningitis admitted to the intensive care unit
ABSTRACTThe characteristics of spontaneous aerobic Gram-negative bacillary meningitis (AGNBM) were determined in 40 adults requiring admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) during a 16-year period in ten French ICUs. Eight infections were hospital-acquired and most patients had predisposing factors, mainly chronic alcoholism and an immunocompromised status. Three immunosuppressed patients had disseminated strongyloidiasis. Gram's stain, cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures were positive for 85%, 98% and 80% of cases, respectively. Escherichia coli (57%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (17%) were the most frequent pathogens. In-ICU mortality was 38%. Spontaneous AGNBM is a rare complication of bacteraemia in adults. The severity of predisposing underlying diseases might explain the poor prognosis despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy
Epidemiology of pneumoconiosis in coalminers of Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France
This is a longitudinal study of 3 167 active or retired pneumoconiotic coalminers from Nord - Pas de Calais collieries (HBNPC) recognised through medico-legal decision over three defined periods: 1942-61, 1952-81 and 1982-87
PparÎł2 Is a Key Driver of Longevity in the Mouse
Aging involves a progressive physiological remodeling that is controlled by both genetic and environmental factors. Many of these factors impact also on white adipose tissue (WAT), which has been shown to be a determinant of lifespan. Interrogating a transcriptional network for predicted causal regulatory interactions in a collection of mouse WAT from F2 crosses with a seed set of 60 known longevity genes, we identified a novel transcriptional subnetwork of 742 genes which represent thus-far-unknown longevity genes. Within this subnetwork, one gene was Pparg (Nr1c3), an adipose-enriched nuclear receptor previously not associated with longevity. In silico, both the PPAR signaling pathway and the transcriptional signature of PparÎł agonist rosiglitazone overlapped with the longevity subnetwork, while in vivo, lowered expression of Pparg reduced lifespan in both the lipodystrophic Pparg1/2-hypomorphic and the Pparg2-deficient mice. These results establish PparÎł2 as one of the determinants of longevity and suggest that lifespan may be rather determined by a purposeful genetic program than a random process
An integrated model of care for neurological infections: the first six years of referrals to a specialist service at a university teaching hospital in Northwest England
The medial circumflex femoral artery origin variability and its radiological and surgical intervention significance
- âŠ