Effects of Background Music in Completing Academic Tasks Among Children

Majority of adolescent read, study for test, and complete their homework while listening to music. Listening to music while studying is known as multitasking. Focus and ability to multitask play a large role whether or not adolescents listen to music while studying. Previous studies on the effect of background music on the performance of certain tasks have shown positive, negative, and neutral effects. The purpose of this quantitative study was to explore the effects of background music in completing academic task in Malaysian schools. A total of thirty-eight (N = 38) secondary school students completed the test papers, under the no music condition and with background music condition. An analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) determined that there is no significant difference in test scores between the two groups. Thus, the learning condition without music or learning condition with music does not have any effect on the students' test scores. Results are important for students, parents, and educators to enhance and improve students' academic achievement through students' learning styles

The scholarship of teaching and learning in public administration: an agenda for future research

Two essential questions for those leading the field of public administration are: What do we teach our students, and how do we train them? As scholars, we pay significant attention to our research, often to the detriment of recognizing the potential for merging our research with teaching through the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL). However, given our students’ leadership positions, SoTL-related work is vital to their success. In this article, we have come together to reflect on the state of SoTL’s work in public administration. Through this reflection, we explore the windows of opportunity for research that we see emerging. Included among these opportunities is the need for research on how we can best serve students in and out of the classroom, as well as research the most effective way of managing our programs. We also see the need for research into faculty development, instructional design, and the return on investment for a public administration degree. Lastly, we argue for improved recognition of the value and contribution of SoTL-related work in tenure and promotion standards