Mucormycosis: 2 Case Report

Mucormycosis is a rare, saprophytic, invasive and fulminant fungal disease. It is infective to patients with underlying immunocompromised conditions. We presented two cases of mucormycosis, one of which occured in the nose and the other on the auricle. A two-year-old female patient with diabetic ketoacidosis revealed necrosis and surrounding hyperemia in the nasal vestibule, nasal septum and dorsum of nose. A 17-year-old female diabetic patient had been suffering from black-colored lesion on the auricle. Physical examination presented necrosis on the auricle. Facial paralysis occured in the patient with auricular mucormycosis. Systemic amphotericin B was empirically administered after the sample was obtained for microbiologic and histopathologic examination in both patients. Necrotic tissues was also debrided in the second patient. The first patient died on the second day of treatment, and the second patient on the seventh day. We discussed the bacteriologic characteristics, histological peculiarities, and alternative treatments

Neck Masses: Retrospective Analysis of 420 Cases

To investigate the diagnostic distribution of the neck masses who surgically treated in our clinic and also discuss the clinical presentation and histological finding of these pathologies.Between 1992-2004, 420 patients (152 females, 268 males) with neck masses (aged between 3 to 77 years, mean 35.7) who diagnosed and treated at the Dicle University Hospital, Diyarbakir, were reviewed noting age, sex, clinical presentation and histological finding. Of the 420 patients, 189 (45%) classified as inflammatory masses, 187 (44.5%) as neoplastic neck masses, and 44 (10.4) as congenital neck masses. The mean age was 29.21±16.32 in patients with inflammatory neck masses, 12.44±4.618 in congenital neck masses. In the neoplastic neck masses group the mean age was 36.5±11.66 in benign lesions, however, it was 48.44±20.14 in malignant lesions.In our study, inflammatory lesions were the most common pathologies in the etiology of the neck masses. This finding is consistent with some studies in our country previously reported; however, in this group the incidence of some diseases seems to be different. Especially the high incidence of tuberculosis suggests the similar reports which the increase of this disease has been observed

Assessment of Bone Conduction Thresholds After Surgical Treatment in Patients with Labyrinthine Fistula

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the bone conduction thresholds before and after surgery in chronic otitis media patients with cholesteatoma who had labyrinthine fistula and whose cholesteatoma matrix had been completely cleaned.Methods: The study was performed between 2013 to 2017 with 23 chronic otitis media patients who had labyrinthine fistula with cholesteatoma and who were operated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Dicle University School of Medicine. Patients were assessed by anamnesis and examination and when necessary, by temporal computerized tomography and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Bone conduction thresholds at frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz were determined by audiometric examination and they were compared before and after surgery.Results: Of the 23 patients, 12 were female and 11 were male; their age range was 10–55 (26.04±14.13) years. In the post-operative period, it was possible to conduct audiological follow-up on 20 patients. In these follow-ups, 16 patients showed no change in bone conduction thresholds, two patients showed worsening, and two showed improvement. When pre- and post-operative bone conduction thresholds at each frequency were compared separately, no significant difference was found (p=0.937). No statistically significant difference was found between the pre- and post-operative means at the four frequencies (p=0.712).Conclusion: In this study, we found that to reduce complications relating to cholesteatoma, it might be necessary to completely remove the matrix especially in the case of type 1 and 2 labyrinthine fistulas

Middle Ear Pressure and Factors Affecting It in Intubated Patients Hospitalized in Intensive Care

Objective:To assess the probable agents affecting middle ear pressure in intubated patients hospitalized in intensive care units with various diagnoses.Methods:Middle ear pressure of 38 patients hospitalized in intensive care units within our faculty hospital was measured using portable tympanograms and acoustic reflectometry. The mode of the device to which each patient was attached and patients’ blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Score, and additional disease parameters other than admission diagnosis were recorded. All data collected were subjected to statistical analysis to determine whether or not they affected middle ear pressure.Results:Septal deviation, survey, and mode of automatic respiratory device emerged as factors affecting middle ear pressure (odds coefficient 4.796, 3.745, 2.557, respectively, with 95% CI). Although aged over 60, additional disease and nasogastric tube also compromised middle ear pressure; the levels involved were not statistically significant.Conclusion:Middle ear pressure in patients hospitalized in intensive care units may change, particularly after the seventh day. This may particularly involve septal deviation, survey, and mode of automatic respiratory device, and tympanograms and reflectometry may be added to the patient-monitoring protocol in terms of changes in middle ear pressure

Analysis of 36 patients underwent cochlear implantation surgery

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the etiology,surgical methods and complications of the patientswho underwent cochlear implantation (CI) for bilateralsensorineural hearing loss.Materials and methods: Between October 2010 andFebruary 2012, 36 patients who underwent CI were retrospectivelyanalyzed in terms of age, sex, etiology of hearingloss, surgical approach and complications.Results: The age range of patients was 1-52 years [15female (% 41.7), 21 male (% 58.3]. Thirty-three of thepatients (average age 4.2±1.8) were in pediatric agegroup, remaining three patients (29, 45, 51 years old)were adult. All of pediatric patients were diagnosed ascongenital hearing loss (31 patients idiopathic, 1 Goldenharsyndrome, 1 ectodermal dysplasia). Adult patientswere operated due to hearing loss secondary to bilateraltemporal bone fracture, chronic otitis media surgery, andmeningitis. Thirty-four patients operated via a mastoidectomy-posterior tympanotomy and extended round windowapproach. One patient operated via a suprameatal approach.One patient was operated using two-stage procedure.Three patients had a perilymph gusher. No majoror minor complications occurred in patients. We operatedthe selected patients as a beginner cochlear implant center.Conclusion: Despite limited number of our study group,it can be concluded that cochlear implantaiton is an effectivetreatment for adults and children with profoundbilateral sensorineural deafness. It was found as a safelow morbidity technique with low complication rates in thepresented patients

Yüzde Eşzamanlı Ortaya Çıkan Multibl Bazal Hücreli Karsinom: Olgu Sunumu

Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin malignancy. However, the second basal cell carcinoma is very rare in the same patient. In literature, there is no report of multiple basal cell carcinoma concurrently involving on one side of face. A 77-year-old male patient had been suffering from four lesions of the right side of the face for one year. The patient was a farmer and had worked for thirty years. There was no exposure of arsenic and radiation in past history. All the lesions were excised. Histopathologic examination of all lesions revealed the diagnosis as “basal cell carcinoma”. On the sixth postoperative month, there was no recurrence and the result was cosmetically acceptabl. We believed that scratching may e play a role in development of multiple basal cell carcinomas as well as sun exposure

Hemorrhage Following Tonsillectomy

Hemorrhage is one of the most important and serious complicationswhich follows tonsillectomy. In this retrospective study, 14 male, 9 female,total of 23 patients who were treated at Ear Nose Throat Department atDicle University Faculty of Medicine for posttonsillectomy hemorrhagewere presented. The average age was 15,5 ± 10,6. There were 4 primary(%17,3), 19 secondary (%82,7) hemorrhage cases. The times of presentationof patients with secondary hemorrhage following tonsillectomy wererecorded (2 patiens postoperative 4th day, 5 patients 5th day, 1 patient 6thday, 4 patients 7th day, 2 patients 8th day, 3 patients 10th day, 1 patient 12thday and 1 patient 14th day). 20 patients’s hemorrhage were taken undercontrol by blood transfusion and conservative methods (%86,9). Total of 3patients were taken under control in the operating room. Ligature of theexternal carotid artery was performed in one of the three patients whichtaken undercontrol in the operatig room

The Score for Allergic Rhinitis study in Turkey, 2020

International audienceObjective: This study aimed to determine how prevalent allergic rhinitis (AR) is in Turkey and to compare the current prevalence with the figures obtained 10 years earlier.Methods: This study included 9,017 participants. The minimum number of participants required from each center was determined via a stratified sampling technique according to regional demographic characteristics as ascertained from the last census. For each region, both men and women were administered the score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire and a score for each participant was calculated based on the responses supplied.Results: A total of 9,017 individuals (55.3% men and 44.7% women) took part in this study. Of these, 94.4% were urban residents and 5.6% lived in a rural setting. Of the men, 38.5% self-reported as suffering from AR. The corresponding figure in women was 40.5%. The overall prevalence of AR, as deduced on the basis of the SFAR, was found to be 36.7%. Comparing the prevalence in different regions, we found that AR was the least prevalent in the Black Sea region with a frequency of 35.8%. The highest prevalence was in the Mediterranean region, where the prevalence was 37.7%. There was no statistical significance in the apparent differences in prevalence between different geographical regions. Despite this, however, there was a clear increase in the frequency of AR over the preceding decade. This increase was most pronounced in the South-Eastern Anatolian region, where the frequency rose from 21.0% to 36.9%.Conclusion: Our results indicate that there has been a marked increase in the prevalence of AR in every region in Turkey over the last 10 years. This could be related to living conditions in urban environments. Alterations in lifestyle, urban living, air pollution causing impairments in immune defense mechanisms, and other aspects of modern lifestyles may account for the increase in AR in Turkey