Plasma fatty acids from total phospholipids of control and tuna oil supplemented animals.

1<p>Values are means ± SEM, n = 6.</p><p>*indicates significant differences between dietary treatments with p<0.01.</p>2<p>Minor fatty acids [14∶0, 15∶0, 17∶0, 19∶0, 20∶0, 22∶0, 24∶0, 14∶1(n-5), 16∶1(n-9), 20∶1(n-7), 20∶1(n-11), 22∶1(n-7), 24∶1(n-11), 24∶1(n-7), 20∶3(n-9), and 22∶3(n-9)] are not reported because they represented <0.3% of total fatty acids.</p>a<p>20∶4 n-6: Arachidonic Acid (AA),</p>b<p>20∶5 n-3: Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA),</p>c<p>22∶6 n-3: Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA).</p

Performances in an accelerating rotating rod task.

<p>Data are expressed as the time standing on the rotating rod in s. Values are means ± SEM, n = 6 in each dietary group. Differences were considered significant between control (CTL) and tuna oil supplemented animals (ω3) with p<0.05.</p

Performances in a circular maze.

<p>A. Rate of success, expressed as the ratio of successful trials on the total number of trials (%). B. Time before reaching the right exit (s). C. Total number of visits. Values are means ± SEM, n = 6 in each dietary group. Differences were considered significant between control (CTL) and tuna oil supplemented animals (ω3) with p<0.05.</p

Performances in an open field (OF) task.

<p>A. Total distance travelled (cm). B. Activity duration (s). C. Number of times the animals crossed the central zone. Values are means ± SEM, n = 6 in each dietary group. Differences were considered significant between control (CTL) and tuna oil supplemented animals (ω3) with p<0.05.</p

Spontaneous night and day locomotor activity.

<p>Data were recorded during 5 consecutive 24 h periods (expressed in arbitrary units of locomotor activity). Values are means ± SEM, n = 6 in each dietary group. Differences were considered significant between control (CTL) and tuna oil supplemented animals (ω3) with p<0.05.</p

Additional file 3: of Expression of epigenetic machinery genes is sensitive to maternal obesity and weight loss in relation to fetal growth in mice

Description of the selection criteria of genes for the custom TLDA design and related bibliographic references

Additional file 4: of Expression of epigenetic machinery genes is sensitive to maternal obesity and weight loss in relation to fetal growth in mice

Expression level and adjusted P values of 92 genes in the fetal liver, placental labyrinth, and junctional zone. We assessed the expression level of 60 epigenetic machinery genes and 32 genes implicated in metabolism or development in CTRL, OB, and WL females at E18.5 using TaqMan low-density arrays. Data are represented as mean expression levels ± St.Dev. *—differentially expressed genes. NA—non-amplified. Significant differences (P adj < 0.05) are indicated in red

Additional file 1: of Expression of epigenetic machinery genes is sensitive to maternal obesity and weight loss in relation to fetal growth in mice

Supplementary Figures S1 to S6. Food intake (FI) to body weight (BW) ratio in females during the preconceptional period. (a) P < 0.05 OB vs. CTRL, (b) P < 0.05 WL vs. CTRL, (c) P < 0.05 WL vs. OB. n = 18–20 CTRL, 23 OB, 17–19 WL. Figure S2. Fetal weight as a function of litter size in dams at E18.5. Both sexes were combined as there was no effect of sex on fetal weight. Figure S3. Placental weight as a function of litter size and sex at E18.5. Figure S4. Effect of maternal age on fetal parameters. (A) Relationship between maternal age and fetal weight. (B) Relationship between maternal age and fetal-weight-to-placental-weight ratio index (FPI). For statistical analysis, see text. Figure S5. Distribution of fetal weight in CTRL, OB, and WL dams at E18.5. CTRL dams are represented in black, WL dams in brown, and OB dams in blue. The red line represents the 10th percentile of CTRL population. Figure S6. Relationship between fetal and placental weight in female and male offspring at E18.5. For statistical analysis, see text and “Methods” section. M: males, F: females

Additional file 2: of Expression of epigenetic machinery genes is sensitive to maternal obesity and weight loss in relation to fetal growth in mice

List of the gene symbol and name, and the design strand and TaqMan® Gene Expression Assay IDentification reference for the 96 genes studied on the Custom TLDA