Desenvolvimento de mudas de pupunheira em Latossolo argiloso compactado artificialmente em subsuperfície Peach palm seedlings development in artificiality subsurface compacted clayly Latossol

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento de mudas de pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.) cultivadas em amostras de um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico de textura argilosa compactado artificialmente em subsuperfície. As amostras de solo que foram compactadas a quatro níveis de densidade (1,0; 1,13; 1,28 e 1,44kg dm-3) estavam nas camadas intermediárias de 3,5cm de vasos de PVC de 20cm de diâmetro, que constavam de outras camadas superiores de 15cm e inferiores de 10cm. As avaliações foram realizadas em quatro épocas (4, 6, 8 e 10 meses). O aumento dos níveis de densidade do solo não influenciou no desenvolvimento da parte aérea das mudas de pupunheira. Independentemente da época estudada, os níveis de densidade do Latossolo argiloso não impediram a penetração das raízes da pupunheira.<br>This study was carried out to evaluate the development of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes H.B.K.) seedlings submitted to artificiality subsurface compacted layers of a clayly texture eutroferric Red Latossol. The compacted soil was at the middle ring of the PVC pots. They were 20cm of diameter, divided in tree rings with 15; 3,5 and 10cm from the up side. The soil was submitted to four density levels (1,0; 1,13; 1,28 and 1,44kg dm-3), which determined the treatments. The evaluations were accomplished in four times (4, 6, 8 and 10 months). The increase of the soil density levels didn't influence in the development of the aerial part of the peach palm seedlings. Independent of the studied time, the clayly Latossol density levels, didn't prevent the peach palm roots penetration

Integrative clinical transcriptome analysis reveals TMPRSS2-ERG dependency of prognostic biomarkers in prostate adenocarcinoma.

In prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa), distinction between indolent and aggressive disease is challenging. Around 50% of PCa are characterized by TMPRSS2-ERG (T2E)-fusion oncoproteins defining two molecular subtypes (T2E-positive/negative). However, current prognostic tests do not differ between both molecular subtypes, which might affect outcome prediction. To investigate gene-signatures associated with metastasis in T2E-positive and T2E-negative PCa independently, we integrated tumor transcriptomes and clinicopathological data of two cohorts (total n = 783), and analyzed metastasis-associated gene-signatures regarding the T2E-status. Here, we show that the prognostic value of biomarkers in PCa critically depends on the T2E-status. Using gene-set enrichment analyses, we uncovered that metastatic T2E-positive and T2E-negative PCa are characterized by distinct gene-signatures. In addition, by testing genes shared by several functional gene-signatures for their association with event-free survival in a validation cohort (n = 272), we identified five genes (ASPN, BGN, COL1A1, RRM2 and TYMS)—three of which are included in commercially available prognostic tests—whose high expression was significantly associated with worse outcome exclusively in T2E-negative PCa. Among these genes, RRM2 and TYMS were validated by immunohistochemistry in another validation cohort (n = 135), and several of them proved to add prognostic information to current clinicopathological predictors, such as Gleason score, exclusively for T2E-negative patients. No prognostic biomarkers were identified exclusively for T2E-positive tumors. Collectively, our study discovers that the T2E-status, which is per se not a strong prognostic biomarker, crucially determines the prognostic value of other biomarkers. Our data suggest that the molecular subtype needs to be considered when applying prognostic biomarkers for outcome prediction in PCa

Previous cultivation of palisade grass and soil correctives: influence on growth and yield of soybean cultivated under various soil compaction levels Cultivo prévio de braquiarão e corretivos de solo: influência sobre o crescimento e produção da soja cultivada sob vários níveis de compactação do solo

Soil compaction directly interferes on crop yield. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effect of previous cultivation with palisade grass [Urochloa brizantha (C. Hochstetter ex A. Rich.) R. Webster cv. Marandu] and the use of soil correctives on the growth and yield of soybeans (Glycine max L.) cultivated under various soil compaction levels, in greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted in pots (columns) of 0.2 m diameter PVC tubes, composed of two rings: the lower ring, 0.4 m in height, received the soil (dystrophic Red Latosol, clayey texture) without corrective and a density of 1.0 Mg m-3; and the upper ring, 0,2 m in height, received the treatments of soil correctives and density. The experimental design was fully randomized in a 4 x 6 x 2 factorial outline, being four soil density levels (1.0; 1.20; 1.40 and 1.60 Mg m-3), six soil correctives (without corrective, lime, calcium silicate, gypsum, lime + gypsum and calcium silicate + gypsum) and two cultivation systems of the soybean (with and without previous cultivation of palisade grass). Starting from 1.2 Mg m-3 of soil density the soybean growth and yield were decreased. The use of soil correctives and previous soil cultivation with palisade grass decreased the harmful effects of the soil compaction on the soybean growth and yield. For the treatments that received previous cultivation with palisade grass, the soybean growth and yield were higher with application of lime + gypsum and calcium silicate + gypsum.<br>A compactação do solo interfere diretamente sobre a produção das culturas. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do cultivo prévio do braquiarão e o uso de corretivos do solo sobre o crescimento e produção da soja cultivada sob solo com vários níveis de compactação, em condições de casa de vegetação. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos (colunas) de tubos de PVC de 0,2 m de diâmetro, compostos por dois anéis: o anel inferior, de 0,4 m de altura, recebeu o solo (Latossolo Vermelho distrófico de textura argilosa) sem corretivo e densidade de 1,0 Mg m-3; e o anel superior, com 0,2 m de altura, recebeu os tratamentos de corretivos do solo (sem correção, calcário, silicato de cálcio, gesso, calcário + gesso e silicato de cálcio + gesso) e de compactação (1,0; 1,20; 1,40 e 1,60 Mg m-3 de densidade) do solo. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 6 x 2, sendo quatro densidades de solo, seis corretivos de solo e dois sistemas de cultivo da soja, com e sem cultivo prévio do braquiarão. A partir de 1,2 Mg m-3 de densidade de solo, foi observada redução no crescimento e produção de grãos da soja. O uso de corretivos e o cultivo prévio do solo com braquiarão amenizam os efeitos deletérios da compactação do solo sobre o crescimento e produção da soja. Para os tratamentos que receberam cultivo prévio de braquiarão, a mistura de calcário + gesso e silicato de cálcio + gesso foram os corretivos que proporcionaram maior crescimento e produção da soja