29 research outputs found
Clinical-Laboratory Effectiveness of Immune-Replacement Therapy of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
Currently, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) remains the most common natural focal disease of viral etiology in the Russian Federation. Effective antiviral drugs have not yet been developed. Pathogenetic and symptomatic drugs are mainly used in the treatment of HFRS.The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory effectiveness of intravenous gabriglobin in the treatment of moderate forms of HFRS.Materials and methods. The study included 22 patients with a diagnosis βHFRS of moderate severityβ in the febrile stage of the disease. In the febrile period of HFRS, patients of the main group (n=10) were given gabriglobin via intravenous route at a dose of 0.1 g/kg per day along with pathogenetic therapy. The course of treatment was 2β3 infusions. The control group (n=12) received only pathogenetic therapy.Results and conclusions. As a result of the studies, the clinical and laboratory efficacy of intravenous administration of gabriglobin in the treatment of patients with moderate-grade HFRS was revealed, which was manifested by a decrease in the duration of the febrile period by 2.1 days, the severity of oliguria and a decrease in the duration of thrombocytopenia by 3.5 days compared with the group of patients receiving only pathogenetic therapy
Properties of Neutral Charmed Mesons in Proton--Nucleus Interactions at 70 GeV
The results of treatment of data obtained in the SERP-E-184experiment
"Investigation of mechanisms of the production of charmed particles in
proton-nucleus interactions at 70 GeV and their decays" by irradiating the
active target of the SVD-2 facility consisting of carbon, silicon, and lead
plates, are presented. After separating a signal from the two-particle decay of
neutral charmed mesons and estimating the cross section for charm production at
a threshold energy {\sigma}(c\v{c})=7.1 \pm 2.4(stat.) \pm 1.4(syst.)
\mub/nucleon, some properties of D mesons are investigated. These include the
dependence of the cross section on the target mass number (its A dependence);
the behavior of the differential cross sections d{\sigma}/dpt2 and
d{\sigma}/dxF; and the dependence of the parameter {\alpha} on the kinematical
variables xF, pt2, and plab. The experimental results in question are compared
with predictions obtained on the basis of the FRITIOF7.02 code.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures,3 table
Observation of narrow baryon resonance decaying into in pA-interactions at with SVD-2 setup
SVD-2 experiment data have been analyzed to search for an exotic baryon
state, the -baryon, in a decay mode at on IHEP
accelerator. The reaction with a limited multiplicity was
used in the analysis. The invariant mass spectrum shows a resonant
structure with and . The statistical significance of this peak was estimated to be of . The mass and width of the resonance is compatible with the recently
reported - baryon with positive strangeness which was predicted as an
exotic pentaquark () baryon state. The total cross section for
production in pN-interactions for was estimated to be
and no essential deviation from A-dependence for inelastic
events was found.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, To be submitted to Yadernaya Fizika. v3-v5 - Some
references added, minor typos correcte
Production of mesons by high energy neutrinos from the Tevatron
Charged vector meson production is studied in a high energy neutrino bubble chamber experiment with mean neutrino energy of 141 GeV. The are produced in of the neutrino charged current interactions, indicating a steep increase of cross section with energy. The mean fractional hadronic energy of the meson is
ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ Π°ΠΌΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ
Objective. The aim of the study is to develop a technique of potentiating traditional multimodal anesthesia with contact laser exposure to the body in the red range (650 nm) in patients with critical lower limb ischemia (CLI).Materials and methods. Multimodal anesthesia in the main group was performed with the potentiation of modern laser technology in 70 to 94 years old 35 patients [7 (20.0 %) women and 28 (80.0 %) men] with CLI and associated diseases. As a comparison group, a retrospective group of 23 patients was selected who underwent a high amputation of the lower extremities without potentiation of multimodal anesthesia with laser blood radiation. Multimodal anesthesia was additionally potentiated with quantum hemotherapy sessions. Sessions were carried out using a fifth-generation semiconductor contact laser irradiation of blood LASPOT (PRC) in the form of a wristwatch with an additional effect on the acupuncture points Nei-Guan, Tun-li β the heart meridian, connection with the inner world, Ling-dao β the meridian hearts, the road of the spirit. The first session was performed to patients before surgery β a duration of 15 minutes; the second β during surgery β a duration of 30 minutes.Results. The obtained data on the shifts of peripheral hemodynamic parameters at the stages of surgical interventions in patients of both groups practically did not demonstrate significant differences from the baseline values, reflecting the adequacy of the degree of anesthesiological protection. In patients of the main group, central hemodynamic indices: the cardiac index (CI) significantly increased from 2.81 Β± 0.49 to 3.15 Β± 0.58 (p < 0.05) l/minβm2, and total peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR) decreased from 1587.5 Β± 494.3 to 1492.7 Β± 427.8 dynβsβcm-5. In patients of the comparison group, CI increased during surgery from 2.83 Β± 0.53 to 3.02 Β± 0.35 l/minβm2, and at the end of the operation it returned to baseline. Potentiation of multimodal anesthesia with modern laser technologies in patients of the main group made it possible to reduce during surgical interventions the average dose of fentanyl, which was 0.98 Β± 0.12 mcg/kg/h, while in patients of the comparison group, the consumption of fentanyl was 3.28 Β± 0.18 mcg/kg/h (with traditional combined general anesthesia, the flow rate of fentanyl during surgery is on average 5β12 mcg/kg/h or more).Conclusion. The method of potentiation of the traditional scheme of general combined anesthesia with optical radiation of the red range (650 nm) allows to achieve more pronounced effects of hemodynamic control, makes it possible to reduce the dose of fentanyl, reduce the pharmacological load on the operated patient.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ (650 Π½ΠΌ) Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ (ΠΠΠΠ). ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ 35 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² [7 (20,0 %) ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ 28 (80,0 %) ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½] Ρ ΠΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 70 Π΄ΠΎ 94 Π»Π΅Ρ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ° ΠΈΠ· 23 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ Π°ΠΌΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ. ΠΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π‘Π΅Π°Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ LASPOT (ΠΠΠ ) ΠΏΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΠΉ-Π³ΡΠ°Π½Ρ, Π’ΡΠ½-Π»ΠΈ β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ°Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Ρ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΠΈΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΎ β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ°Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π° Π΄ΡΡ
Π°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ 15 ΠΌΠΈΠ½, Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ β Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ 30 ΠΌΠΈΠ½. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Ρ Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ. Π£ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ: Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ (Π‘Π) Ρ 2,81 Β± 0,49 Π΄ΠΎ 3,15 Β± 0,58 (Ρ < 0,05) Π»/ΠΌΠΈΠ½βΠΌ2, Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ (ΠΠΠ‘Π‘) ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Ρ 1587,5 Β± 494,3 Π΄ΠΎ 1492,7 Β± 427,8 Π΄ΠΈΠ½βΡβΡΠΌ-5. Π£ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π‘Π ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ 2,83 Β± 0,53 Π΄ΠΎ 3,02 Β± 0,35 Π»/ΠΌΠΈΠ½βΠΌ2, Π° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ» ΠΊ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° 0,98 Β± 0,12 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ, Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ» 3,28 Β± 0,18 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ (ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ»Π° Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 5β12 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΊΠ³/Ρ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅). ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ (650 Π½ΠΌ) ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°, ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°