Modeling of capillary-sorption process steam condensation in the system of microcapillaries of grain shells

The aim of this study is to simulate the capillary-sorption process of steam condensation in the system of microcapillaries of grain shells [1]. Modeling of the processes of intensive moisture transfer during drying of a number of materials was considered in [2,3]. In order to significantly reduce the time of moistening, moisture transfer by effusion is considered in the form of steam produced at low pressure (vacuum) with its further guaranteed condensation in micro-cavities (microcapillaries) of a porous shell of grain [4]. Study of intensity of moisture transport in accordance with the changes in concentrations of vapour along the length of the capillary in a vacuum proved the possibility of intensifying the process of moistening the grain before grinding. The obtained mathematical model will allow to calculate the values of the theoretical weight gain of moisture in microcapillaries depending on the parameters and the time of vacuum-sorption moisture

Modeling of capillary-sorption process steam condensation in the system of microcapillaries of grain shells

The aim of this study is to simulate the capillary-sorption process of steam condensation in the system of microcapillaries of grain shells [1]. Modeling of the processes of intensive moisture transfer during drying of a number of materials was considered in [2,3]. In order to significantly reduce the time of moistening, moisture transfer by effusion is considered in the form of steam produced at low pressure (vacuum) with its further guaranteed condensation in micro-cavities (microcapillaries) of a porous shell of grain [4]. Study of intensity of moisture transport in accordance with the changes in concentrations of vapour along the length of the capillary in a vacuum proved the possibility of intensifying the process of moistening the grain before grinding. The obtained mathematical model will allow to calculate the values of the theoretical weight gain of moisture in microcapillaries depending on the parameters and the time of vacuum-sorption moisture

Ways of intensification of the process of moistening the grain before grinding

The aim of this study is substantiation of ways of reducing the time required to process pre-wetting the grain before peeling, flattening, grinding [1]. A method of moistening the grain before grinding with preevacuation of its interior microvoids through the porous shell provides moisture transfer in the liquid phase. This moisture transfer requires the subsequent application of excess pressure to the penetration of moisture to the core of the grain and subsequent long-term otvalivayas grain. To significantly reduce the time of wetting is proposed to use a moisture transfer with effusion in the form of steam produced at low pressure (vacuum), then the guaranteed condensation in micropolitan porous shell of the grain. Study of intensity of moisture transport in accordance with the changes in concentrations of vapour along the length of the capillary in a vacuum proved the possibility of intensifying the process of moistening the grain before grinding

A New Family of Vinyl Selenocyanates with the Amide Function Based on the Reaction of Potassium Selenocyanate with 3-Trimethylsilyl-2-Propynamides

An efficient approach to a novel family of (Z)-3-amino-3-oxo-1-propenyl selenocyanates was developed based on the reaction of KSeCN with 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propynamides in the presence of ammonium chloride in methanol. The reaction was accompanied by a desilylation process. The products were not formed under the same reaction conditions in the absence of ammonium chloride, which was used for the first time in the reactions of selenocyanates with acetylenes. The use of this new methodology allowed the reaction to carry out in a regio- and stereoselective fashion as anti-addition affording vinyl selenocyanates with a (Z)-configuration in high yields

Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z,Z)-Bis(3-amino-3-oxo-1-propenyl) Selenides and Diselenides Based on 2-propynamides: A Novel Family of Diselenides with High Glutathione Peroxidase-like Activity

The efficient regio- and stereoselective syntheses of (Z,Z)-bis(3-amino-3-oxo-1-propenyl) selenides and diselenides in high yields based on the nucleophilic addition of sodium selenide to 2-propynamides and sodium diselenide to 3-(trimethylsilyl)-2-propynamides have been developed. The first examples of the addition of a selenium-centered nucleophile to 2-propynamides with a terminal triple bond and diselenide anion to 3-(trimethylsilyl)-2-propynamides have been carried out. Bis(3-amino-3-oxo-1-propenyl) diselenides are a novel family of compounds, none of which has yet been described in the literature. The glutathione peroxidase-like activity of the obtained compounds has been evaluated and products with high activity have been found. It was established that diselenides are superior to selenides with the same substituents in glutathione peroxidase-like activity. The results of the structural studying of products by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and 77Se-NMR data are discussed

Detection of renal tissue and urinary tract proteins in the human urine after space flight.

The urine protein composition samples of ten Russian cosmonauts (male, aged of 35 up to 51) performed long flight missions and varied from 169 up to 199 days on the International Space Station (ISS) were analyzed. As a control group, urine samples of six back-up cosmonauts were analyzed. We used proteomic techniques to obtain data and contemporary bioinformatics approaches to perform the analysis. From the total number of identified proteins (238) in our data set, 129 were associated with a known tissue origin. Preflight samples contained 92 tissue-specific proteins, samples obtained on Day 1 after landing had 90 such proteins, while Day 7 samples offered 95 tissue-specific proteins. Analysis showed that consistently present proteins in urine (under physiological conditions and after space flight) are cubilin, epidermal growth factor, kallikrein-1, kininogen-1, megalin, osteopontin, vitamin K-dependent protein Z, uromodulin. Variably present proteins consists of: Na(+)/K(+) ATPase subunit gamma, β-defensin-1, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, maltasa-glucoamilasa, cadherin-like protein, neutral endopeptidase and vascular cell adhesion protein 1. And only three renal proteins were related to the space flight factors. They were not found in the pre-flight samples and in the back-up cosmonaut urine, but were found in the urine samples after space flight: AFAM (afamin), AMPE (aminopeptidase A) and AQP2 (aquaporin-2). This data related with physiological readaptation of water-salt balance. The proteomic analysis of urine samples in different phases of space missions with bioinformation approach to protein identification provides new data relative to biomechemical mechanism of kidney functioning after space flight

Peptides identified for the pos-flight proteins.

<p>Peptides identified for the pos-flight proteins.</p

Microalbuminuria (mg/day) during Space Mission.

<p>Data from Cirillo et al. (28).</p

Renal proteins in the prime and back-up cosmonauts’ urine before and after space flight.

<p>Renal proteins in the prime and back-up cosmonauts’ urine before and after space flight.</p