Cervical Screening within HIV Care: Findings from an HIV-Positive Cohort in Ukraine

HIV-positive women have an increased risk of invasive cervical cancer but cytologic screening is effective in reducing incidence. Little is known about cervical screening coverage or the prevalence of abnormal cytology among HIV-positive women in Ukraine, which has the most severe HIV epidemic in Europe

Network Evolution Model with Preferential Attachment at Triadic Formation Step

It is recognized that most real systems and networks exhibit a much higher clustering with comparison to a random null model, which can be explained by a higher probability of the triad formation—a pair of nodes with a mutual neighbor have a greater possibility of having a link between them. To catch the more substantial clustering of real-world networks, the model based on the triadic closure mechanism was introduced by P. Holme and B. J. Kim in 2002. It includes a “triad formation step” in which a newly added node links both to a preferentially chosen node and to its randomly chosen neighbor, therefore forming a triad. In this study, we propose a new model of network evolution in which the triad formation mechanism is essentially changed in comparison to the model of P. Holme and B. J. Kim. In our proposed model, the second node is also chosen preferentially, i.e., the probability of its selection is proportional to its degree with respect to the sum of the degrees of the neighbors of the first selected node. The main goal of this paper is to study the properties of networks generated by this model. Using both analytical and empirical methods, we show that the networks are scale-free with power-law degree distributions, but their exponent γ is tunable which is distinguishable from the networks generated by the model of P. Holme and B. J. Kim. Moreover, we show that the degree dynamics of individual nodes are described by a power law

Coinfections by cervical screening test report at enrolment.

<p>Coinfections by cervical screening test report at enrolment.</p

Factors associated with an abnormal finding (LSIL or HSIL) on cervical screening, among women with a test reported at study enrolment.

†<p>Limited to 213 women included in the multivariable model.</p>‡<p>Adjusted a priori for age, previous pregnancies, CD4 count, current smoking, oral contraceptive use, HSV-2 and chlamydia and additionally for BV.</p

Factors associated with having a cervical screening test reported at study enrolment.

†<p>Limited to 870 women included in the multivariable model.</p

Cohort characteristics by cervical screening test report.

†<p>Includes non-cohabiting partnerships;</p>‡<p>Previous pregnancies include still births, live births, miscarriages and terminations. OC, oral hormonal contraceptive.</p