Synthetic Strategies and Parameters Involved in the Synthesis of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides According to the Phosphoramidite Method

The phosphoramidite approach has had a major impact on the synthesis of oligonucleotides. This unit describes parameters that affect the performance of this method for preparing oligodeoxyribonucleotides, as well as a number of compatible strategies. Milestones that led to the discovery of the approach are chronologically reported. Alternate strategies are also described to underscore the versatility by which these synthons can be obtained. Mechanisms of deoxyribonucleoside phosphoramidite activation, factors affecting condensation, and deprotection strategies are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143633/1/cpnc0303.pd

Structures of products from positive ion-molecule reactions by means of vibrational spectroscopy

Examples of various approaches to determining gaseous ion structures are described. Two cases are presented in which infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy provides characteristic information. Comparison with DFT-calculated normal modes differentiates isomers. The IRMPD spectrum of the even-electron C8D8F+ product ion from the ion-molecule reaction of CF3+ with perdeuterated acetophenone exhibits a degree of resolution sufficient to identify C6D5CFCD3+ and rule out ring-fluorinated isomers. The dimerization of phenylacetylene with its molecular ion has been explored, with the conclusion that a mixture of product ions is formed. The best match to the experimental spectrum is achieved by superimposing the bands calculated for ionized 1-phenylazulene and ionized 1,2-diphenylcyclobutadiene

Validation of Power Measurement Techniques in Dynamic Lower Body Resistance Exercises

The objective of this study was to investigate the validity of power measurement techniques utilizing various kinematic and kinetic devices during the jump squat (JS), squat (S) and power clean (PC). Ten Division I male athletes were assessed for power output across various intensities: 0, 12, 27, 42, 56, 71, and 85% of one repetition maximum strength (1RM) in the JS and S and 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% of 1RM in the PC. During the execution of each lift, six different data collection systems were utilized; (1) one linear position transducer (1-LPT); (2) one linear position transducer with the system mass representing the force (1-LPT+MASS); (3) two linear position transducers (2-LPT); (4) the force plate (FP); (5) one linear position transducer and a force plate (1-LPT+FP); (6) two linear position transducers and a force place (2-LPT+FP). Kinetic and kinematic variables calculated using the six methodologies were compared. Vertical power, force, and velocity differed significantly between 2-LPT+FP and 1-LPT, 1-LPT+MASS, 2-LPT, and FP methodologies across various intensities throughout the JS, S, and PC. These differences affected the load–power relationship and resulted in the transfer of the optimal load to a number of different intensities. This examination clearly indicates that data collection and analysis procedures influence the power output calculated as well as the load–power relationship of dynamic lower body movements