18,592 research outputs found

    A 233 km Tunnel for Lepton and Hadron Colliders

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    A decade ago, a cost analysis was conducted to bore a 233 km circumference Very Large Hadron Collider (VLHC) tunnel passing through Fermilab. Here we outline implementations of e+ee^+e^-, ppˉp \bar{p}, and μ+μ\mu^+ \mu^- collider rings in this tunnel using recent technological innovations. The 240 and 500 GeV e+ee^+e^- colliders employ Crab Waist Crossings, ultra low emittance damped bunches, short vertical IP focal lengths, superconducting RF, and low coercivity, grain oriented silicon steel/concrete dipoles. Some details are also provided for a high luminosity 240 GeV e+ee^+ e^- collider and 1.75 TeV muon accelerator in a Fermilab site filler tunnel. The 40 TeV ppˉp \bar{p} collider uses the high intensity Fermilab pˉ\bar{p} source, exploits high cross sections for ppˉp \bar{p} production of high mass states, and uses 2 Tesla ultra low carbon steel/YBCO superconducting magnets run with liquid neon. The 35 TeV muon ring ramps the 2 Tesla superconducting magnets at 9 Hz every 0.4 seconds, uses 250 GV of superconducting RF to accelerate muons from 1.75 to 17.5 TeV in 63 orbits with 71% survival, and mitigates neutrino radiation with phase shifting, roller coaster motion in a FODO lattice.Comment: LaTex, 6 pages, 1 figure, Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop, Austin, TX, 10-15 June 201

    Making the most of what you’ve got: Sex Work and Class Mobility in the Riau Islands

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    The islands of Batam, Bintan and Karimun on the Indonesian border with Singapore and Malaysia have an extensive sex industry which caters predominantly to foreign visitors. This paper explores the place of ‘sex as work’ for women involved in the industry and the opportunities for class mobility that sex work may present to them. We argue that these opportunities are the product of the Riau Islands’ particular spatiality, including a geographical proximity to Singapore and Malaysia, and a pattern of migration which has seen large numbers of temporary and long-term transmigrants from throughout the archipelago moving in and out of the islands in search of work. In this paper we explore these issues through the stories of two women, Lia and Ani, who – as a result of their marriages to foreign men – have moved out of the sex industry and into the lower middle class

    Wong-Zakai approximation of solutions to reflecting stochastic differential equations on domains in Euclidean spaces II

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    The strong convergence of Wong-Zakai approximations of the solution to the reflecting stochastic differential equations was studied in [2]. We continue the study and prove the strong convergence under weaker assumptions on the domain.Comment: To appear in "Stochastic Analysis and Applications 2014-In Honour of Terry Lyons", Springer Proceedings in Mathematics and Statistic

    On small time asymptotics for rough differential equations driven by fractional Brownian motions

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    We survey existing results concerning the study in small times of the density of the solution of a rough differential equation driven by fractional Brownian motions. We also slightly improve existing results and discuss some possible applications to mathematical finance.Comment: This is a survey paper, submitted to proceedings in the memory of Peter Laurenc

    Standard Model Top Quark Asymmetry at the Fermilab Tevatron

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    Top quark pair production at proton-antiproton colliders is known to exhibit a forward-backward asymmetry due to higher-order QCD effects. We explore how this asymmetry might be studied at the Fermilab Tevatron, including how the asymmetry depends on the kinematics of extra hard partons. We consider results for top quark pair events with one and two additional hard jets. We further note that a similar asymmetry, correlated with the presence of jets, arises in specific models for parton showers in Monte Carlo simulations. We conclude that the measurement of this asymmetry at the Tevatron will be challenging, but important both for our understanding of QCD and for our efforts to model it.Comment: 26 p., 10 embedded figs., comment added, version to appear in PR

    Towards high quality text entry on smartwatches

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    Smartwatches now provide users with access to many applications on smartphones direct from their wrists, without the need to touch their smartphone. While applications such as email, messaging, calendar and social networking provide views on the watch, there is normally no text entry method so users cannot reply on the same device. Here we introduce requirements for smartwatch text entry, an optimised alphabetic layout and present a prototype implementation together with preliminary user feedback. While raising some problems, the feedback gives indicates that reasonable quality and speed is achievable on a smartwatch and encourages our future work
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