4 research outputs found
Plant biodiversity component of the land use change, impacts and dynamics project, Mt Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Linkages between changes in land use, biodiversity and land degradation on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Mwongozo wa Mafunzo kwa Vitendo wa Kutayarisha na Kutunza Bustani ya Miche ya Miti kwa Wanavikundi Vya Misitu Katika Kata Zinazozunguka Msitu wa Hifadhi wa Milima ya Masasi
Mradi wa Kuongeza Teknolojia za Kupunguza Hewa ya Ukaa na Kuboresha Maisha
ya Jamii zinazozunguka misitu ni sehemu ya Mradi wa Kuweka Mikakati ya Kuokoa
Misitu iliyo hatarinini kutoweka nchini Tanzania yaani ‘Strategic Interventions’.
Mradi huu upo chini ya Programu ya Kudhibiti na Kukabiliana Mabadiliko ya
Tabia ya Nchi Tanzania unaotambuliwa kwa kiingereza kama ‘Climate Change
Impact Adaptation and Mitigation (CCIAM) Programme in Tanzania’ unaoratibiwa
na Chuo Kikuu cha Sokoine cha Kilimo, Morogoro. Mradi huu unavishirikisha
vyuo vikuu vitatu nchini Tanzania ambavyo ni Chuo kikuu cha Dar es Salaam
(UDSM), Chuo kikuu cha Ardhi (ARU) pamoja na mamlaka ya Hali ya Hewa
(TMA). Pia mradi unavihusisha vyuo vikuu nchini Norway chini ya uratibu wa
Chuo kikuu cha Sayansi cha Norway (UMB).
Madhumuni ya Mradi wa Kuongeza Teknolojia za Kupunguza Hewa ya ukaa
na Kuboresha Maisha ya Jamii zinazozunguka misitu ni kusaidia juhudi za
jamii (watu) husika katika kutekeleza hatua mbalimbali za kulinda, kurejesha
na usimamizi endelevu wa misitu ili kukabiliana na athari za mabadiliko ya
tabia ya nchi. Mradi huu umepangwa kutekelezwa katika Mji Mdogo wa Masasi,
Wilayani Masasi.
Mji mdogo wa Masasi una eneo la kilometa za mraba 376.7 na idadi ya watu ni
zaidi ya 101,059 (kwa mwaka 2007) ambao wanaoishi katika kata sita za mji
huo. Ukiondoa kata ya Mkuti, kata tano zilizosalia ambazo ni Sita, Temeke,
Migongo, Jida na Mtandi zinazunguka Msitu wa Hifadhi wa Milima ya Masasi
ambao ni msitu wa asili. Mnamo tarehe 15 – 22 Mei 2011 timu ya wataalamu
watano wa mradi walitembelea mji huo kwa madhumuni ya kufanya upembuzi
wa awali ndani ya msitu na kufanya mikutano na wadau mbalimbali kama vile
wafanyakazi wa mji ndogo, vikundi vya mazingira na serikali za kata za Temeke,
Migongo na Mtandi kwa ajili ya kuanza kutekeleza mradi huo.
Upembuzi huo wa awali ulibaini kwamba Msitu huo wa hifadhi wa milima
ya Masasi ulikuwa umeharibiwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kutokana na shughuli za
binadamu kama vile kukata miti kwa ajili ya kuchoma mkaa, mbao na kuni, kulima
ndani ya msitu na kuchoma moto. Maeneo mengi ya msitu yalikuwa yameathirika
ikiwemo kupungua kwa vyanzo vya maji na vyanzo vya maji vilivyosalia maji
yake yalikuwa machafu na hayatoshelezi mahitaji ya jamii inayozunguka msitu.
Shughuli za uharibifu wa msitu ziliendelea kufanyika na watu wengi wanaoishi
2æ
Bustani ya Miche ya Miti - Mwongozo
kwenye kata zinazozunguka msitu waliendelea kutegemea rasilimali za msitu
huo ili kujipatia mahitaji mbalimbali yakiwemo maji na mazao mbalimbali.
Aidha upembuzi wa awali ulibaini kuwa kata za Temeke, Migongo na Mtandi
kupitia serikali zao (Ward council) zilikubali kuanzishwa kwa vikundi vya
misitu/mazingira kwenye kata zao na kuwahimiza wanavikundi kupanda miti
kwa kusaidiwa na mradi kwa ajili ya kutunza Msitu wa Hifadhi wa Milima ya
Masasi pamoja na kupata mahitaji yao kama ilivyopendekezwa na wataalam.
Hata hivyo baada ya kubaini kuwa wanavikundi hawakuwa na ujuzi wa shughuli
za upandaji miti hususan shughuli ya kutayarisha na kutunza bustani ya miche
ya miti, wataalam walipanga kutoa elimu ya uoteshaji na utunzaji wa miche ya
miti kwa wanavikundi wa misitu wa kata zinazozunguka Msitu wa Hifadhi wa
Milima ya Masasi ili waweze kupata ujuzi na utaalam husika kwa vitendo.
Elimu hii itawasaidia wanajamii na hasa kaya kuweza kujihusisha kikamilifu
katika suala zima la upandaji miti na hivyo kupunguza kasi ya uharibifu ndani
ya Msitu wa Hifadhi wa Milima ya Masasi, kuongeza kasi ya upunguzaji hewa
ukaa angani na bila kusahau suala zima la kuongeza kipato cha kaya/jamii kwa
kupitia uuzaji wa miche mbalimbali.Huu ni muongozo wa uanzishaji na utunzaji wa kitalu cha miche ya mitiNorwegian Embass
Effects of forest disturbance and regeneration on net precipitation and soil water dynamics in tropical montane rain forest on Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
© Cambridge University Press 2010. The montane rain forest belt on Mt. Kilimanjaro forms an important water source for northern Tanzania that is threatened by both logging and fire. The aim of this study was to investigate consequences of forest fragmentation on various aspects of the water cycle. Soil properties, rainfall, throughfall, and soil water suction were analyzed for mature forest, secondary forest patches, and large clearings. A total of 10 plots located on the south-western slopes of the mountain between 2100 and 2300 m.a.s.l. were monitored from May 2000 until June 2002. Annual rainfall amounts ranged from 2000–2600 mm and showed high spatial and inter-annual variability. Rainfall interception ranged from 3% to 9% of incident rainfall in clearings to a maximum of 32% in forests. In general, soils under mature forest were wettest and showed only minor moisture fluctuations through the year. Soils of secondary forest sites were driest and soil water suction exhibited the largest fluctuations. The difference between the two forest types may reflect a combination of differences in interception, evaporation from the forest floor, and transpiration, because ventilation and radiation penetration can be expected to be enhanced in fragmented secondary forest. In clearings the higher throughfall and presumably lower transpiration rates led to moister conditions compared to adjacent secondary forest sites. Top-soil sand contents of the Andisols differed between sites, with disturbed sites having higher sand contents and consequently lower water contents at similar soil water suctions than did mature forest sites. […]