System Guarantee for Social Equity in Today’s China

Social equity is balanced and equal distribution of rights and interests. A sound system is the fundamental guarantee for social equity. Unfortunately, imperfection of the current system in China obstructed social equity in today’s China such as income distribution system, dual urbanrural system, market economic system, citizen rights and interests, protection system and social security system. To eliminate these barriers, strengthen system building and guarantee social equity, equity and justice should be taken as the primary goal of value for system building; a guarantee mechanism for social equity system should be built focusing on fairness in rights, opportunities, rules and distribution; and a system to guarantee social equity should be built and perfected with multi-tiered systems including macro basic system, medium operation system and microcosmic concrete system.Key words: Social equity; System; Guarante

Overshadow Effect of Psl on Bacterial Response to Physiochemically Distinct Surfaces Through Motility-Based Characterization

Biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are ubiquitously found on surfaces of many medical devices, which are the major cause of hospital-acquired infections. A large amount of work has been focused on bacterial attachment on surfaces. However, how bacterial cells evolve on surfaces after their attachment is the key to get better understanding and further control of biofilm formation. In this work, by employing both single-cell- and collective-motility of cells, we characterized the bacterial surface movement on physiochemically distinct surfaces. The measurement of cell surface motility showed consistent results that gold and especially platinum surfaces displayed a stronger capability in microcolony formation than polyvinyl chloride and polycarbonate surfaces. More interestingly, we found that overproduction of Psl led to a narrower variance in cell surface motility among tested surfaces, indicating an overshadow effect of Psl for bacteria by screening the influence of physicochemical properties of solid surfaces. Our results provide insights into how Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells adapt their motion to physiochemically distinct surfaces, and thus would be beneficial for developing new anti-biofouling techniques in biomedical engineering